1774

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Heads of State · obituary

Year of the Wood horse甲午( at the beginning of the year, water - snake癸巳)

Syria: 2085/86 ( the year in October )

  • 2.1 First Quarter
  • 2.2 Second Quarter
  • 2.3 Third Quarter
  • 2.4 Fourth Quarter
  • 2.5 Exact date of birth unknown
  • 3.1 First half of
  • 3.2 Second half of
  • 3.3 Date unknown

Events

Politics and World Affairs

England and its American colonies

Europe and Asia

  • JANUARY 21: change of ruler in the Ottoman Empire. In the late Mustafa III. follows Abdulhamid I.
  • May 10: With the death of his grandfather, Louis XV. is Louis XVI. King of France.
  • December 6: The education system in Austria is redesigned by Empress Maria Theresa. It issues conceived by Johann Ignaz Felbiger General Rules, which sets a six-year compulsory education in elementary school, uniform textbooks and a regulated teacher education and training.

Australasia

  • September 4: James Cook and his crew landed on his second voyage to the South Seas in the designated him as Caledonia.

Science and Technology

  • Johann Gottfried Herder: Even a philosophy of history in the formation of human

Culture

Literature and theater

  • Johann Wolfgang von Goethe wrote The Sorrows of Young Werther, on April 14, his acting idol is premiered by Berlichingen in Berlin.
  • Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz writes and publishes the tragicomedy The Hofmeister or advantages of private education.
  • In which he edited the journal The Teutsche Mercury, the first parts of the satirical novel published The Abderites by Christoph Martin Wieland in sequels.

Music and music theater

Born

First Quarter

  • 08 January: Wilhelm Türk, Thuringian cartographer, publisher († 1846)
  • JANUARY 13: Anton thirty, German musician († 1815)
  • JANUARY 18: Johann Heinrich Bernhard Draeseke, Protestant theologian, General Superintendent and Bishop († 1849)
  • January 31: Thomas Veazey, American politician († 1842)
  • 03 February: Carl Brandan Mollweide, Prussian mathematician and astronomer († 1825)
  • February 04: Frederick Traugott Pursh, German - Canadian botanist and gardener († 1820)
  • February 04: Ludwig von Wolzogen, Prussian General of the Infantry († 1845)
  • 08 February: Karl Friedrich Heinrich, German classical scholar († 1838)
  • February 15: Georg Friedrich Wilhelm of Orange- Nassau, the son of Erbstatthalters William V of Holland ( † 1799)
  • FEBRUARY 16: Pierre Rode, French violinist († 1830)
  • February 24: Adolph Friedrich, Duke of Cambridge, British field marshal († 1850)
  • FEBRUARY 26: Heinrich von Pechmann, German architect and author († 1861)
  • 05 March: Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse, Danish composer († 1842)
  • MARCH 16: Matthew Flinders, a British explorer († 1814)
  • MARCH 19: Johann Baptist Heinrich, German politician and Mayor of Mainz ( † 1838)
  • March 25: François -Marie Daudin, French zoologist († 1804)
  • MARCH 26: Ernst von hill, Württemberg General and Minister of State († 1849)
  • March 29: Friedrich Starke, German horn player, conductor and composer († 1835)
  • March 31: Karl Gottfried Erdmann, medical and German botanist († 1 835 )

Second Quarter

  • 01 April: Gottfried Daniel Krummenacher, Prussian Protestant theologian († 1837)
  • April 01: Gustav von Rauch, Prussian general and minister of war († 1841)
  • APRIL 17: Vaclav Tomasek January Křtitel, Czech music teacher and composer († 1850)
  • April 19: Johann Nepomuk von Schmiel, Swiss politician and officer († 1850)
  • APRIL 21: Jean -Baptiste Biot, French physicist and mathematician († 1862)
  • APRIL 24: Jean Itard, a French physician and deaf teachers ( † 1838)
  • April 26: Anne -Jean -Marie -René Savary, duc de Rovigo, French general and Duke of Rovigo ( † 1833)
  • April 26: Leopold von Buch, German geologist († 1853)
  • May 07: Francis Beaufort, Irish- British admiral and hydrographer († 1857)
  • MAY 12: Frederica von Reden, wife of the Prussian minister Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden († 1854)
  • MAY 16: Johann Baptist von Keller, German bishop († 1845)
  • MAY 18: Johann Christoph Friedrich Schulz, German Protestant theologian († 1806)
  • 09 June: Joseph von Hammer- Purgstall, Austrian diplomat and translator († 1856)
  • June 14: Johann Carl -free life, Saxon chief mining († 1846)
  • 21 June: Daniel D. Tompkins, American politician († 1825)
  • JUNE 27: Johann Baptist Seele, German painter († 1814)
  • June 29: Christiane Amalie, Hereditary Princess of Anhalt- Dessau ( * 1846)

Third Quarter

  • August 01: Ferdinand Beneke, German jurist and politician ( † 1848)
  • 07 August: Cayetano Carreño, Venezuelan composer († 1836)
  • August 12: Robert Southey, English historian and poet († 1843)
  • August 12: August Ludwig Diemer, German jurist († 1855)
  • August 14: Franz Xaver Gewey, Austrian officials, actors and writers († 1819)
  • August 18: Meriwether Lewis, American soldier and explorer († 1809)
  • AUGUST 28: Elizabeth Bayley Seton Anna, American Saints ( † 1821)
  • 07 September: Johann Jakob Bernhardi, German botanist († 1850)
  • 08 September: Anna Katharina Emmerich, Prussian nun and mystic († 1824)
  • September 09: Salomon Rothschild, founder of the Austrian branch of the Rothschild family († 1855)
  • September 14: William Cavendish Bentinck, British general and statesman († 1839)
  • SEPTEMBER 17: Giuseppe Mezzofanti, Italian cardinal and linguist († 1849)
  • SEPTEMBER 21: Ludwig Friedrich Heinsdorf, German classical scholar († 1816)

Fourth Quarter

  • 02 December: Laurids Engelstoft, Danish historian († 1851)
  • DECEMBER 13: Nathan Fellows Dixon, American politician († 1842)
  • December 23: Ludwig von Vincke, Prussian reformers († 1844)
  • 26th December: Ferdinand Oechsle, German mechanic, goldsmith and inventor († 1852)

Exact date of birth unknown

  • Heinrich Andriano, German businessman and politician ( † 1836)
  • Csermák Antal, Hungarian composer († 1822)
  • Ramón de la Quintana, Argentine Franciscan priest and educator ( date of death unknown)
  • Marie- Denise Villers, French painter of classicism († 1821)

Died

First half year

  • January 20: Florian Leopold Gassmann, Austrian composer (* 1729 )
  • JANUARY 21: Mustafa III, Ottoman Sultan ( 1757-1774 ) (* 1717).
  • January 22: Gottlieb Werndorf I., German educator, orator and author (* 1717)
  • JANUARY 28: Antonio Galli da Bibbiena, Italian decorative painter and architect (* 1697/1698 )
  • JANUARY 30: František Ignác Tůma, Czech composer (* 1704)
  • FEBRUARY 25: Johann Georg Chevalier de Saxe, Saxony -General and Governor of Dresden ( * 1704)
  • 03 March: Heinrich August de la Motte Fouqué, Prussian general (* 1698 )
  • March 30: Henriette Karoline von Pfalz- Zweibrücken, daughter of the Count Palatine Christian III. and his wife Caroline of Nassau -Saarbrücken (* 1721)
  • 04 April: Oliver Goldsmith, Irish writer and physician (* 1728)
  • APRIL 24: Christian Wilhelm Dietrich, Saxon painter and engraver (* 1712)
  • APRIL 24: Martin Kröncke, German master of the mint (* 1705)
  • 03 May: Johann Nikolaus Tischer, German composer (* 1707)

Second half- year

  • October 08: Ahmad Shah, Emperor of the North Indian Mughal Empire
  • October 29: August von Haller stone, German Jesuit missionary and China (* 1703)

Date unknown

  • Takebe Ayatari, Japanese poet and painter (* 1719)
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