4G

Next Generation Mobile Networks ( NGMN ) is a project of mobile companies and mobile equipment vendors to develop the next generation of mobile communications. This generation is also referred to as " 4G " (fourth generation). With the adoption of LTE -Advanced, the project has achieved its key objective.

Introduction

NGMN is to build on the existing UMTS infrastructure and therefore represent a rapid and cost-effective upgrade of existing 3G cellular networks. One of the advantages over the existing networks with High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA ) is up to 100 megabits per second, much higher speed. Furthermore, the devices used should be able to be connected to the Internet permanently ( "always on" ). This will be possible through a more efficient utilization of the available frequency spectrum, which also allow a simpler network architecture and should lead to latency of about 10 milliseconds. The network coverage needs do not change.

NGMN is based, like the wireless technologies WiMAX and Flash - OFDM to OFDM. In contrast to the aforementioned method, the frequencies at NGMN be forgiven but adaptive, ie each assigned to the user at a distance of up to 0.5 milliseconds, the network resources needed by the latter. This allows a better delay performance than in other OFDM systems.

Since early 2005, the standardization of NGMN by the standardization committee Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP ) is running. Commercial use should be promoted by the project engineering in 2010. Since the year 2011, the first network operators offer appropriate 4G-/LTE-Tarife, but initially only in the country where the so-called "white spots" (DSL coverage gaps ) must be covered. Vodafone since April and the German Telekom publish information on the 2011 supplied with LTE areas in 4G coverage maps.

4G "Fourth Generation"

4G

Under 4G refers to the next generation of mobile phone standards 3G. The "Next Generation Mobile Networks " ( NGMN ) is a project of mobile equipment manufacturers and mobile operators to develop the next generation, which is also known under the name Long Term Evolution ( LTE). The current wireless standard is the 3G standard, which builds on the 2G, the 1G and 0G standard. The 0G - to 2G standard leads from the root of the mobile communications through to the GSM standard, so the well-known in Germany D and E networks. 3G worried about the turn of the millennium a stir in Germany, as more than € 50 billion could be taken by the federal government through the auction of UMTS licenses. UMTS offers the ability to download data at up to 384 kilobits per second under optimal conditions. Interference and error corrections reduce this speed though, but much higher speeds are now possible thanks to several extensions to the standard ( HSDPA). A high data rate is important for services such as video telephony and mobile internet usage. With the next generation 4G significantly higher data rates will become available again.

Conversion

Mobile networks consist of radio cells, the so-called cells, from which the connections are established. If a mobile phone or other device, such as a laptop with UMTS card is powered on, so this device logs due to the data stored on the SIM card data over the network database in the mobile network. The device initially logs on to a local database, which may include multiple " honeycomb ". When moving the device, recognizes this, the software of the mobile communication device and logs in automatically at the next local exchange. The signal construction scheme did not change in its gross structure even when the networks were expanded to include the " Third Generation " counting UMTS technology. If the existing networks will be upgraded within the next ten years, as the mobile phone manufacturer Nokia believed to 4G, even here the basic scheme will be maintained. The advantage of this approach: it can the existing infrastructure be used merely have to be expanded to include the technical components. So that means that - to put it simply - just installed the 4G components to the existing radio masts.

NGMN is to build on the currently prevailing infrastructure of UMTS technology, so as to achieve a rapid and relatively inexpensive upgrade from 3G standard for the 4G standard. One of the biggest advantages over the currently existing UMTS networks is up to 100 megabits per second, much higher download rate.

4G properties

At present, it is already possible to benefit from so -called pre - 4G technologies. This is the name as UMTS Release8 as a precursor of the upcoming 4G standards. Release8 UMTS is an evolution of the existing UMTS network including the Release5 HSDPA and HSUPA Release6 extensions. Release8 aims to reduce costs, provide greater accessibility and security, and increasing the speed of the network.