Acetone cyanohydrin

• 2- hydroxy-2- methylpropionitrile
• 2-methyl- lactonitrile

Colorless to yellowish liquid with a faint odor of bitter almonds

Liquid

0.93 g · cm -3 ( 20 ° C)

-20 ° C

82 ° C (30,7 hPa)

1.1 hPa ( 20 ° C)

Miscible with water

1.3992 (20 ° C)

Risk

18.65 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)

-120.9 KJ / mol

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Acetone is a colorless, water-soluble, smelling faintly of hydrocyanic acid liquid, which is usually yellowish discolored by impurities derived from the synthesis. Acetone cyanohydrin is an important C4 - building block in the chemical industry.

Production and representation

Acetone is prepared by the addition of hydrogen cyanide to acetone.

Use

Acetone cyanohydrin ( starting material for the production of acrylic glass ) is used as a masking agent and azobisisobutyronitrile, as well as for the production of methyl methacrylate. Furthermore, acetone cyanohydrin for the production of insecticides, pharmaceuticals and perfumes and flavorings used. Hydrolysis can be synthesized from acetone cyanohydrin the C4 block hydroxyisobutyramide.

Biological Significance

Plants such as flax, cassava, lima beans, or rubber trees contain cyanogenic glycoside which linamarin, which is implemented as a defense strategy in violation of the plants in acetone and continue to cyanide.

Safety

Acetone cyanohydrin decomposes on heating and contact with alkaline substances (soap ) easily in acetone and the highly toxic cyanide. Acetone penetrates the skin.