Acetophenone
- Methylphenylketone
- Phenylmethylketon
- Hypnon
- Acetylbenzene
- 1- phenylethanone
- Dymex
Colorless to pale yellow, oily liquid with a sweet odor
Liquid above 20 ° C, including fixed
1.03 g · cm -3
20 ° C.
202 ° C
0.4 hPa ( 20 ° C)
- Poorly in water: 5.5 g · l-1 at 20 ° C
- Soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene and chloroform
1.5372 (20 ° C)
Attention
815 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Acetophenone [ at͡setofeno ː n] ( Name composed of: acetyl, O, phen of the phenyl group and on the labeling as ketone ) is an aromatic organic chemical compound and belongs to the ketones. Acetophenone is used, inter alia, as a hypnotic and as such is known by the trivial name " Hypnon ".
Occurrence
Acetophenone is also a component of many essential oils such as labdanum, castoreum, Stirlingia latifolia. In addition, this ketone is present in many natural flavors and in coal tar.
Production and representation
Acetophenone can be produced by Friedel -Crafts acylation of benzene with acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride. In contrast to the Friedel -Crafts alkylation while the Lewis acid is aluminum chloride acts ( AlCl3 ), not as a catalyst, but is used as a reagent in equivalent amounts, produced by hydrolysis of the intermediate of the necessary aluminum.
Properties
Acetophenone is a colorless to yellowish liquid with a sweet, reminiscent of orange blossom scent. Under normal pressure, the compound boils at 202 ° C. The vapor pressure function is given by Antoine corresponding log10 (P) = A- ( B / ( T C )) ( P in bar, T in K) with A = 4.64896, B = 2006.397 and C = -43 472 in the temperature range 310-475 K. acetophenone forms with water an azeotropic mixture at 98 ° C and 82 % water content.
Use
Acetophenone due to its structured reactive starting material of numerous syntheses as starting or intermediate product for other fragrances, pharmaceuticals, synthetic resins. Furthermore, it can be used as a high-boiling solvent for paints and resins.
Safety
Acetophenone as a pure substance is harmful if swallowed. It irritates the eyes and may cause dermatitis when exposed to the unprotected skin. As protection from splashes suitable gloves should be worn. In higher concentrations, it is hypnotic, hence the synonym name Hypnon. The vapors produced in a concentration of 80 ppm for exposure periods of strong over an hour of poisoning. Acetophenone is difficult to ignite and low volatility. The vapors are much heavier than air and may form explosive mixtures with air when heated above the flash point (77 ° C). With strong oxidants and strong bases may cause strong exothermic reactions. Above 300 ° C, decomposition of acetophenone. In this case, benzene, biphenyl, 1,4- diphenylbenzene, carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen, ethylene and / or toluene, may be produced.