Adolph Wagner
Adolph (also: Adolf) Wagner ( born March 25, 1835 in Erlangen, † November 8, 1917 in Berlin) was a German economic and financial scholars. He is considered a representative of state socialism. Adolph Wagner belongs next to Gustav Schmoller of the most important economists of the Bismarck era. He was a member of the Association for Social Policy. He was Rector of the Friedrich -Wilhelms ( now Humboldt ) University of Berlin.
Life
Adolph Wagner was born as the son of Rudolf Wagner. His brother was the geographer Hermann Wagner.
He studied law and political science, in 1858 teacher of economics at the Business Academy in Vienna, 1863 in Hamburg, in 1865 a full professor in Dorpat, 1868 in Freiburg and 1870 in Berlin. In the first years of its effectiveness it was excellent deals with the banking and monetary nature.
There he published contributions to the theory of the banks (Leipzig 1857); The monetary theory of Peel's Bank Act (Vienna 1862); The Austrian currency (Vienna 1862); The order of the Austrian state budget (Vienna 1863); The Russian paper currency (Riga 1868); System of the German list banking legislation ( Freiburg 1870, 2nd edition 1873) and The List Bank Reform in the German Empire (1875 ).
Especially since the statistics he turned his interest as his work shows the regularity in the seemingly arbitrary human actions (Hamburg 1864). Significant here was his influence on Ferdinand Tönnies.
In October 1871, he held in the Free Church Assembly of Protestant men a lecture on the social question, in which a profound difference between his views and those of the German Free Trade School emerged. HB Oppenheim found in this speech, as in related rallies the cause for the keyword " socialists " to which Wagner in an " open letter" ( Berl. 1873) replied.
While Wagner was a strong support for the inherent gehabten by him until 1872 point to men like Schmoller, Heroes, Wet and Brentano, he soon went beyond the same, so he resigned from the board of the Association for Social Policy and in a postscript to his report about the " municipal tax question " (Berlin 1877) outlining the differences together. In public meetings of various kinds, he explained his conviction of the necessity of a thorough change in the existing economic order. The issue of design textbook of political economy (Leipzig 1870 et seq ), which he has taken in association with E. Nasse, turned out to be a completely new work in which he is the new economy rather philosophical documents to give yourself trying. In it he formulated well as the first financial expert in the German speaking certain taxation principles. In addition, he was responsible for the Tübingen " Journal of Political Science ," for which Hildebrand " yearbooks " and others very active and wrote a large number of pamphlets.
Wagner was also one of the leading persons in 1881 constituted Conservatives Central Committee ( CCC). The CCC was formed soon to anti-Semitic movement in Berlin, in which Wagner worked among others with Adolf Stoecker.
For the 1884 general election Wagner formulated a program in which he spoke out against the monarchy and parliamentary system, in which he called for a strong regulation and control of the economy and, among other things, a stock market tax.
From 1882 to 1885 Wagner was a member of the Prussian House of Representatives, and from 1910 a member of the Prussian House of Lords.
Thinking
Wagner formulated the law of increasing government spending.
His works have prepared the development of money and credit in Germany and central bank policy and financial practice before the First World War significantly affected.
Student
In his seminar Hermann Bahr, Heinrich Dietzel, Wolfgang Heine, Karel Kramar and Werner Sombart were sitting.
Writings
- Foundation of political economy, 2 volumes, 1893
- The new lottery fullscall diagram and the reform of the National Bank, 1860 ( digitized )
- The academic economics and Socialism, 1895
- General and Theoretical Economics
- Public Finance, 4 volumes
- Philipp Zorn, Herbert Berger ( editors ): Germany under Kaiser Wilhelm II Edited by Siegfried Korte, Friedrich Wilhelm von Loebell, Adolph Wagner and others 3 volumes. R. Hobbing, Berlin, 1914.