Adoxaceae

Japanese elderberry (Sambucus racemosa subsp. Sieboldiana )

The musky herb plants ( Adoxaceae ) are a family of plants of the order of the card -like ( Dipsacales ). Today it contains five genera with about 220 species mainly in the northern hemisphere.

• 3.1 Notes and references

Description

Since this family was together sorted by molecular genetic findings, only a few characteristics are common to all species.

Vegetative characteristics

Except for the few genera Adoxa and Sinadoxa that grow as small perennial herbaceous plants, are the most species -woody plants that usually rarer than small trees grow as shrubs.

All kinds of Adoxaceae own against permanent leaves. The leaf blades are easy (Sambucus and Viburnum ) or assembled ( Adoxa and Sinadoxa ).

Generative features

The terminal, aged men, paniculate, or capitate doldigen, mostly zymösen inflorescences contain few to numerous flowers.

The often relatively small flowers are hermaphroditic, radial symmetry and usually fünfzählig, rare three-to fourfold. The usually five sepals are fused and the cup is open during development. The usually five petals are fused and the Corolla lobe are often placed flat wheel-shaped. It is available with only the outer circle with a free, fertile and inserted in the corolla tube stamens. The stamen number varies from five in Sambucus and Viburnum up to five, four or three stamens in Adoxa and Sinadoxa. In Adoxa and Sinadoxa the stamens are almost to the ground split, giving the impression that, if it were twice as many stamens. The anthers open with a longitudinal slot. It is available with the inner stamen circle is a circle with five, four or three staminodes. Three, four or five carpels are fused to a half under constant to less than permanent, one - or three-to fünfkammerigen ovary. There are one, three, four or five most short style present or it is absent. The scars are capitate or two to three parts.

The drupe contains one or three to five seeds.

System

The Adoxaceae family was erected in 1839 by Ernst Heinrich Friedrich Meyer in Prussia plant genera, page 198. Type genus is Adoxa L.. Synonyms for Adoxaceae E.Mey. are Sambucaceae Batsch ex Borkh. and Viburnaceae Raf ..

Show gene sequence analyzes indicate that the genera Adoxa and Sinadoxa that came with the earlier to the Geißblattgewächsen ( Caprifoliaceae ) Sambucus and Viburnum have a common ancestry, should therefore be introduced into a family and so according to the classification of angiosperms by APG III a monophyletic family result.

The Adoxaceae family now includes five genera and about 220 species:

• Adoxa L. (. . Syn: Moscatella Adans, moschatellina Mill, Tetradoxa CYWu ): With three or four species in the temperate zones of the northern hemisphere disseminated; for example: Moschuskraut ( Adoxa moschatellina L.): It is widespread in Eurasia and North America.

• Sinadoxa corydalifolia CYWu, ZLWu et RFHuang: It is endemic only in Yushu in southern Qinghai and Nangqên that thrives at altitudes 3900-4800 meters of rock overhangs, in humid gorges and alpine scree slopes.

• Tetradoxa omeiensis ( Hara ) CYWu: endemic to China

Swell

• Adoxaceae E. Meyen, nom. cons. In: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website - Online. Accessed on January 2012 ( English). ( Section systematics and description)
• Deyuan Hong, Yang Qiner, Valéry Malécot & David E. Boufford: Adoxaceae. In: Flora of China Editorial Committee: Wu Zheng -yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China. Cucurbitaceae through Valerianaceae, with Annonaceae and Berberidaceae. 19, Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis February 28, 2011, ISBN 978-1-935641-04-9, pp. 570-616 ( online text is with the printed work identically - Online). (Section Description, distribution and systematics)