Aisle

As naves is called the longitudinal spaces of churches. Has a church several ships, they are separated from each other by partitions with arcades.

Designs

While churches are nave hall, churches are often composed of several parallel space arranged parts that can have different widths and heights. A basilica is a church whose mid ship is higher than the aisles, the nave has its own window in the clerestory. A hall church, however, has naves of equal height, so that the nave has no own window zone because it does not project beyond the adjacent vessels. In addition, there are also intermediate types of these designs, such as the pseudo- basilica or staggered hall, in which the vessels are graduated in height, but do not have like a real basilica through a window zone. As pilaster church is referred to Saalbauten where wall-bound pillars protrude from the walls and bottom of the inside of the church, so that individual parts of space are produced at the Längwänden between the pillars. In the space of a centralized structure is not spoken generally of a ship.

Word origin

The ship name is a translation of the Greek word naos, which meant both "residence of the gods" and in the notation " Naus " ship.

In the background of the idea of ​​the Church as a ship are two biblical stories, on the one hand the story of the miraculous catch of fish of Peter ( Luke 5:1 ff ) to the other the story of Jesus Seewandel and the sinking in the water Peter (Mt 14,22 ff ). The last-mentioned biblical story is very early by Tertullian ( born about 160 in Carthage, died after 220 ibid.) in his work De Baptismo, chap 12 picked up and brought together with the concept of the Church. Alluding to the rescue of Peter ( Mt 14.22-33 ), whose Seewandel fails, he called the little boat in which Jesus and his disciples went around on the Sea of ​​Galilee, as a symbol of the church. Against the background of the situation of persecution in the early centuries, this interpretation is obvious. As the ship which contains Jesus and his disciples, is shaken by the waves and seem to be at the mercy of ruin, it was made in the first centuries of the Church, which has to suffer from state persecution and internal struggles more and more. One may assume here that in Tertullian's interpretation of history and the hope resonated, it may also be set in the future the output of the biblical story corresponding event. As the stormy sea, the words of Jesus in obedience, smoothes back, so to take the place of persecution situation a state of peace between the Roman state and the church.

Nave and aisles

The nave or main nave is the average construction and usually the widest and longest of the church. This part is mostly intended for the visitors of worship. The main ship -supplied, by columns or pillars separated spaces are called aisles and aisles or as a back storage (deprecated). All of these buildings together are also known as the nave. The choir and transept of a church can also consist of several ships. The partitions between the nave and aisles and aisles between are called partitions, which are usually resolved with arcades.

Unless permitted by the plot, the nave is typically built in an east-west direction and the Choir facing east - as a symbol of the "New Sun" or the resurrection of Christ. The semicircular completion of the nave behind the choir is known as the chevet.

The second floor over side aisles is called a gallery or tribune.

Transept

The transept or transept (also called " transept " ) refers to the extending in a perpendicular position to the longhouse, shorter ship. This is usually applied before the transition to the choir, forming a cross shape in plan. Less common are also several transepts, which then result in a cross with two crossbars in plan. At the Abbey of Cluny III, there was a small and a large transept, a plant that often occurs in the English Gothic style. West transepts occur only occasionally. The body, meet at the nave and transepts, is called crossing. In the outer image of the Church this passage is often marked by a roof skylights or crossing tower. The two outgoing ends of the crossing of the transept are also referred to as cross- arms. In the basilicas of late antiquity and the early Middle Ages the transept runs through as a separate space part and separates the nave from the apse. The result is no crossing (Roman transept ).

High ship

The nave is part of the nave of a basilica. It is located above the arcades in the clerestory.

Schematic representation of

Aisles

Longhouse

Transept (northern cross arm, crossing, southern cross arm )

Crossing

The inner choir

Apse