Altstadt (Königsberg)

The Old Town was one of the three cities of Königsberg. It included the suburbs in 1785 stone dam, Neuroßgarten, Laak, together with the Lastadie, Lomse addition to the Weidendammbrücke, the Royal Palace, supporting home and a part of the castle freedom.

The old town was formed from 1255 to 1701 with the present there Königsberg Castle, the residence of the Order state and the future Duchy of Prussia. Therefore, administrative bodies have always helped to shape this city.

History

1262, the town was raided and burnt down by the Prußenführer Nalube from Quednau. After Nalube was defeated, the city was rebuilt in 1264. Because of its convenient location, protected by walls and towers, the city was settled by German craftsmen and merchants and attended by seaward coming ships. 1286 was the old her first privilege by country champion Conrad of Tierberg. The oldest part of town was first called only Königsberg and was only called Old Town, when the New Town ( Löbenicht ) was built around 1300.

The stone dam is next to the castle of the oldest cultivated part of the old town. The inherent power of the old town rose after the lost battle of Tannenberg, the Order, and now and then also broke lawlessness, so as 1414 broke some citizens in Löbenicht houses, allegedly because they were too close to the city wall. Finally, the Grand Master Küchmeister von Sternberg had to agree to include two members of the old town in the provincial government. 1445 received the Old Town permission to build the High Bridge, so they will not always had about the Kneiphof.

Famous were the artisan festivals of the old town, which were held in Baroque splendor: the Schifferstechen, the Beiltanz the carpenters, the sword dance of cutlers, the big Christmas cake, the baker and the long sausage of meat that was in 1502 only 52 yards long, but in 1601 the incredible length of 1005 cubits. The 885 -pound sausage was transported from 103 fellows in festive clothes on their shoulders. Then the baker baked the next Epiphany a five cubits high Striezel of 12 bushels of wheat flour and two pounds of anise. The 1st of May was the feast of brewers and maltsters, by all three cities covered with their wives from Kneiphöf'schen community garden until after Maraunenhof and thereby indulged in all sorts rollicking jokes. On Ascension the Schmeckbierfest was held in the courtyard, which was celebrated in 1619 for the last time. For years the market Fleischer led, decorated with colorful ribbons oxen through the city to the then was thrown in Altstädtischer community garden. This festival has been held until 1766. About the carnival time accused the clergy over the annoying and pagan nature, devour not only sameness time much money to honor the unfortunate Satan, sauffen, play, mummeries, sing with mod the worst, thus all sorts of loose Gesindlein money samlet to sauffen, and other frivolities, not verthan is useless without pain pious and diligent master, but gewehret our Christentumb and God's name among the adversaries, Calvinists and Widerteuffern is verlestert. Dress codes laid in 1595 and 1606 laid down to the smallest, which had to bear each other regulations laid the effort fixed, which could be driven to weddings, funerals and other celebrations and how long could they last. 1639 was the first chance to see an elephant Konigsberg.

" In the old town the power Kneiphof in the splendor, Löbenicht in the field, on the bag home the rascals. "

Today, located in the region of the former old town part of Lenin Prospect (formerly stone dam ), the so-called central square (former site of the castle ) and extensive green areas along the Pregelufers.

Religious buildings

• The old-urban church of St. Nicholas was dedicated to the patron saint of sailors. After the Reformation it was left to live in the town of Poland as a place of worship.
• The dedicated to the Holy Spirit Cathedral Chapter ( Old Cathedral ) in the neighborhood was moved later in the Kneiphof.

As a branch churches of the " Altstädtischer parish church " be 1785 "Polish Lutheran Church " and the "New Roßgärtsche Church " given. 1820, related to the Old Town churches are enumerated: "Royal Castle Church ," " Protestant parish church in the Old Town ", " Evangelical Polish ", the " New Roßgärtsche ", the " Tragheim ", the " prayer room of the evangelical brethren " and the "Church of the Mennonites ".