Amanita citrina
Yellow amanita (Amanita citrina )
The Yellow amanita (Amanita citrina, syn. A. mappa ), also known as Canary amanita, Amanita phalloides or Yellowish Yellow Amanita known, is a species of fungus in the family Wulstlingsverwandten.
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The Yellow Knollenblätterpilz has a 3-10 cm broad hat of bright lemon yellow to whitish color, on which often clumpy, shell residues are white. The gills are white and not grown on a stick. The stalk is 5-15 cm long. He is dünnfleischig, white - yellowish and has a uniform ring and a clear bulbous base that goes into a cup-like, firmly grown and edgy from the remaining stalk remote vagina. The flesh is white and smells musty after potato germs.
The variety alba missing the yellow dye, so that the fruit bodies have an off-white hat and stick. Those copies can also grow between normally colored.
Microscopic characteristics
The smooth, round and amyloid spores measure 8-10 x 7-8 microns.
Artabgrenzung
The lower, bulbous stem ends of the green and white amanita stuck in limp sheaths.
Ecology
The Yellow Amanita phalloides is the may be associated with different coniferous and deciduous trees a mycorrhizal fungus. Main tree partners in Central Europe is the common spruce, followed at some distance from the copper beech, besides pines, oaks, birch and others. The Yellow Knollenblätterpilz occurs in various acidophilous forest types, he medium enigmatic preferred base-and nutrient-poor soils, which should be slightly moist to moderately fresh. The species has benefited in the 19th century by the spread of spruce forest and for a time even from acid rain, which damaged competing fungus species stronger. Later, the Yellow Knollenblätterpliz suffered from the increasing damage to the spruce, his preferred mycorrhizal partner. The fruiting bodies appear in Central Europe mainly from August to November, leading already in June.
Dissemination
The Yellow Knollenblätterpliz comes in Australia and South Africa before, in the Holarctic includes his Verbreitungsbeiet the Mediterranean and temperate latitudes, it is in the Caucasus, Korea and Japan, the U.S., Canada and found in the Canary Islands. In Europe, it comes from the Mediterranean prior to the Hebrides and southern Scandinavia, eastward it is found to Belarus and Estonia. Its northern limit of distribution is that of the oak.
Importance
The Yellow Amanita phalloides is not edible mushroom. However, unlike the Green Knollenblätterpilz, with which it can be easily confused, the Yellow Knollenblätterpilz is toxic only in its raw state, since the Bufotenin loses its effect by heating. In this respect, the fungus is actually inedible, but it should be collected due to the high risk of confusion and of inferior taste, not the kitchen.
Swell
- Spread of daffodils Yellow Amanita in Germany. In: Mushroom mapping 2000 Online. Edited by Axel Schilling, Peter Dobbitsch. German Mycological Society ( DGfM ), accessed on 1 August 2012.
- Andreas Gminder, Armin Kaiser, German Josef Krieglsteiner: Mushroom Fungi: Gilled mushrooms II (light and Dunkelblättler ). In: GJ Krieglsteiner (eds. ): The Great Mushrooms of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 4, Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 978-3-8001-3281-2.