Andreas Gottschalk

Andreas Gottschalk ( born February 28, 1815 in Dusseldorf, † September 8, 1849 in Cologne) was a physician and politically active in the emerging labor movement.

Life

Gottschalk was born the son of a slaughterer and Talmud skilled in Dusseldorf. After the family moved to Cologne, he attended the Friedrich- Wilhelm-Gymnasium. After graduation Gottschalk studied mainly medicine, besides also philology, philosophy and English literature. After completing his medical studies, he completed a doctorate on the rush of blood to the brain.

He opened his own practice in 1842 in Cologne and wrote a number of medical articles. As a recognized medical Gottschalk Corresponding was a member of the Medical Society of Brussels. From the beginning he treated first, and often free poorer patients. Gottschalk, originally from a Jewish family, came in 1844 to Protestantism.

Political activity

For the first time in the pre-March 1841 Gottschalk joined politically publicly out. At the foundation of the Rheinische Zeitung in politics, trade and commerce, he took the minutes. Above all, the writer and journalist Moses Hess practiced on Gottschalk from a strong political influence. These effects appeared in 1846, as Gottschalk along with some other colleagues at a medical conference aufstellte different requirement. For this purpose, the abolition of forced promotion for doctors belonged but also better support the poor. In 1847 he joined in Cologne an early socialist -minded discussion circles on.

March Revolution of 1848

At the beginning of the March Revolution in Cologne Gottschalk then committed leader in the emerging democratic movement. On 3 March 1848, he is one of the organizers of a rally, but also calling for the protection of working in front of Cologne Town Hall reforms such as universal suffrage, the press and freedom of assembly. Gottschalk is granted access to the town council, which he presented to the demands of the people. The Council will not accept this. Then draws on military, part of the crowd seeks refuge in the town hall, the two council members can jump out the window. An event that is known as Cologne Defenestration. By the start -up of the crowd riots, which are terminated by military force. Among the detainees there is also Gottschalk. After the revolution has prevailed in Berlin, he was released again.

Immediately after his release Gottschalk played a leading role in the establishment of the Cologne Workers' Association and was elected on 13 April 1848 its chairman. As president of the Cologne Workers' Association, after a few weeks with more than 8,000 members of one of the largest of its kind in Germany, Gottschalk distinguished himself at the beginning with very specific demands for social reform. Through its commitment Gottschalk was soon at odds with the people dominated by educational and economic citizens Protestant community, who accused him of wanting to take by his materialistic attitude to the poor hope for the afterlife.

In June 1848 Gottschalk was one of the founders of the Central March Association, an association of democratic societies at the national level. In July 1848 he was arrested again along with Fritz Anneke and Christian Joseph Esser. But it was only in October of the same year, there was a trial for inciting violent change in the state system. For the prosecution was completely surprising that the jury pleaded not guilty. Immediately thereafter, Gottschalk was released. First, he went to Paris and Brussels, but soon returned to Cologne. There, now Karl Marx had taken the lead in the workers' association. This Gottschalk called a "learned Sun God " and accused him of " the misery of the worker, the hunger of the poor has only scientific, doctrinal interest to you. "

1849

As the defeat of the revolution became clearer, he wondered from time to time to seek a career in science. But he remained as a doctor in Cologne. In the summer of 1849 broke out, a cholera epidemic that claimed more than 10,000 deaths in the city, Gottschalk has been trying to help the sick poor in particular. He put on to the patient and died of the disease.

At his funeral in September 1849 on the Melaten Cemetery ( Location: Lit K between HWG and ref P) took thousands of Cologne and part Gottschalk proved their last respects. However, the funeral took place without a pastor since the competent evangelical pastor was initially only a burial date at 5:30 clock offered and then remained in protest against the views of the religious socialists Gottschalk at home. The funeral oration held Friedrich Lessner. Stands on the grave stone: "One thing is necessary that the good always done, whether you fall or stand, is and remains all the same. "

Works

  • Christian Friedrich Nasse (ed.): collection of the knowledge of the brain and spinal cord diseases from the Engl and French by Andreas Gottschalk. Hallberger, Stuttgart 1837-1840
  • De ratione congestionis ad cerebrum. Georgi, Bonnae 1839
  • Remarks on the treatment of anemia, paralysis of the bladder and the nervous sciatica. Crack box, Cologne 1841
  • Presentation of rheumatic diseases on the anatomical basis. Cologne publishing association, Cologne 1845
  • My speech to the jury courts of Cologne on 23 December 1848. Sulzbach, Bonn 1849 online
Labour movement Forms of state Melaten-Friedhof Name Authority File
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