Angrivarii

The Angrivarii (also Angrevarier, Angarier, Engern, Latin: Angrivarii, Angarii, Greek Αγγριουάριοι ) were a Germanic people, on the middle Weser, mainly on the right bank between Steinhude and the tributary of the Aller, and lived to the north Chauken (at the lower Weser) and Dulgubnier ( in today Lüneburg Heath ), south to the Cherusker, bordered on the west and east Ampsivarier to the occupied only since the Saxon Wars Ostfalen.

History of Angrivarii

When Germanicus advancing AD against the Cherusker in the year 16, attracted the Angrivarii in his back a revolt, but were soon brought by Stertinius to rest and stayed ever since the Romans found.

After dissolution of the Federal Cheruscan they expanded southward their limits and torn under Emperor Nerva to the Chamavi the Brukterern the area north of the lip and at the source of the river Ems. Later they spread even further to the south and west, joined under the on the land ( Angaria, Engern ) subrogated name of Angrivarii or Engern the Saxons collar on and formed the central part.

Widukind of Corvey reported that the Saxon race was divided into three major sub-tribes, namely Westphalia, the East Saxons ( Ostfalen ) and the Engern. This tripartite division is confirmed that in the Saxon Wars, according to the annals, the sub-tribes met separate agreements under their own commander. In the year 775, the Engern submitted in the room Biickeburg with their leader Bruno after a defeat of Charlemagne and adopted Christianity.

The landscape Engern

From the settlement area of ​​the Angrivarii ( German Engern ) the province Angaria formed in the Middle Ages ( German: Engern ), one of the three major provinces in the tribal duchy of Saxony, Westphalia and next Ostfalen.

The Engern Province was the central, located on both sides of the Weser part of the duchy. The province was between Westphalia in the west and bordered on the east by Ostfalen. It comprised roughly the entire catchment area of the river Weser from the union of the Werra and Fulda, less Aller and Leine (above its confluence ) in the east. In the north -west was the Hunte border river.

Duchy Engern

In 1180 the lions were during the Diet of Gelnhausen, after the proscription against Henry divided by Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa because of refusal of military service to Italy, the duchies Westphalen and Engern. The diocese of Paderborn and the parts that were in the range of the Archdiocese of Cologne, were combined to form a new duchy and first subordinate to the Archdiocese of Cologne. The other part came as a duchy of Westphalia and Engern to the Ascanians Bernhard III.

The term " Engern " was until 1806 the title of the ruler of the younger Duchy of Saxony ( " Duke of Saxony, and Westphalia Engern " ) out, see Saxon history. With the acquisition Westphalen in 1815 came the titulary " Westphalia and Engern " to the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III.

The Gau Engern, which was in the Saxon province of Westphalia, is historically connected with the province, but not identical with it.

The name Engern has become the name of the middle part of the Duchy of Saxony only until the end of the Middle Ages. The name of the city could Passenger in connection therewith, although some evidence against this assumption.

Coat of arms

The shield shows in silver field three to two and one asked, red Seeblätter.

In the Middle Ages, a coat of arms was subsequently devised to detect the progeny and thus a claim to legitimacy Engern. It can be found among others in the Greater Arms of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Electorate of Saxony, and various Saxon duchies again. The rest of the Duchy of Saxe -Wittenberg led it, and from this the county Landsberg. Similarly, it is found in several municipal coat of arms in the region between Wiehengebirge and the Teutoburg Forest, such as wages, as well as county and city Tecklenburg.

Country Engern

In his 17- country model Werner Rutz in 1995 proposed the establishment of a Engern said country, which should consist in the main of East Westphalia-Lippe and the adjacent east Lower Saxony municipalities, roughly equivalent to the southern part of the historic Engern.