Anticosti National Park

The Baie de la Tour

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The Parc national d' Anticosti is one of the 24 National Parks in the Canadian province of Québec.

There is a corresponding Parc national but what corresponds in the other provinces and territories, a Provincial Park. The task of the hotel on the eponymous island of Anticosti, 571.8 km ² large park, is to provide at least 133 bird species and 24 mammal species a refuge. To this end, the provincial government began in 1985, the island redeem around a park set up. This was founded in 2001.

Flora and Fauna

Since the settlement of a number of animal species have been introduced, such as salmon, then white-tailed deer ( today more than 100,000 on the island), Elche ( of them may be a year 9000 shot down ), snowshoe hare, beaver and muskrat.

The bird population is only slightly different from the adjacent mainland from, but here there is one of the largest colonies of bald eagles in North America. Reptiles and amphibians were originally not native here, but several species of frogs have been introduced.

Geology

Anticosti, which formed a part of the seabed twenty million years, is now covered by an up to 1000 m thick sedimentary layer. During the last Ice Age the island was covered by a mantle of ice so heavy that it sank in up to 150 meters to slowly reappear about ten millennia. This melting ice and flowing water masses left numerous canyons on the island.

History

Before the colonization, there were on the island seven mammalian species: black bear, otter, this red fox, pine marten, deer mouse, and two bat species in the genus mouse ears, the Little brown bat and the northern long-eared myotis (Myotis lucifugus and Myotis septentrionalis ).

Although Innu hunted on the island of Otter, and Mi'kmaq also studied the islands, but the island was probably uninhabited. Occasionally, were added French, Basque and Portuguese fishermen, but left it to the hunting areas largely the Innu. The privileged by the French king Louis Joliet in 1681 had set up trading posts in the northwest of the island, which his son Charles led further than Seigneur on the island, but after his death fell into the items. Although Anticosti was sold to a consortium of companies, it never came to use from the new British colonial rulers.

Acquired in 1872, known as Forsyth Company Company the island. Some Acadians and Neufundländ settled at English Bay, at Lance au cutter and at the Fox Bay. Despite several bankruptcies, the Canadian government refused to repurchase Anticosti.

Henri Menier, Anticosti of 1895 bought, led a 150 deer from Virginia. Their population is estimated at more than 150,000 animals. The settlement of bison and wapiti and red deer failed. From 1899, the government moved the settlers against their resistance according to Renfrew and Perth in Ontario, yes, even to Dauphin in Manitoba has to offer.

Meanwhile lived 200 settlers in Bay - Holy- Clare, 127 in L' Anse au Cutters and 14 on the Fox River. Menier died in 1913, was succeeded by his brother Gaston Menier as the owner of the island. He sold it in 1926 to the Anticosti Corporation, abholzte a significant part of the forest until 1929. 1931 Anticosti went to the Consolidated Paper Corporation who first dabbled in tourism.

Only at the beginning of the 20th century went through the typical North American clearcuts. 1908 to 1918 were 1.8 million m³ smashed, 1926-1930 1.3 million, from 1946 to 1971 there were only .145 to 0.36 million per year.

In 1974, the Québec government bought back the island for $ 26,363,000 and built a sanctuary. It comprised 572 km ², addition there were two ecological reserves, namely Pointe- Heath (19 km ²) and Grand- Lac- Salé (24 km ²).

After the complete collapse of the forest stands the amount of wood has risen since 1995 ( 0.1 million ) in back; in 2005 it was increased 0.175 million m³.