Backpack

The backpack is a container made ​​of cloth, flexible plastic ( nylon or PVC) or leather, worn on the belts on the back is used to transport objects. Lightweight backpacks be worn alone on the shoulder straps; with backpacks for carrying heavy loads, the load on a hip belt is shifted to the hips.

Depending on the quality, application (about trekking, climbing, hiking, traveling, cycling, leisure, cargo transport, school, etc. ) and comfort requirements of the carrier, the equipment of backpacks vary (eg ventilation of the back, inboard support frame for weight transfer to the hips, adjustability the back length to fit optimization, weight, quality and durability of the upholstery for pressure / chafing prevention, etc.).

Kraxe

The Kraxe or backpack is the original form of the backpack in the belt system (today) wearing only an open frame made of wood or light metal. This is known as an external support frame where the actual load is directly or in turn, mounted in separate containers. The oldest archaeological evidence of Kraxe comes from the discovery of the complex glacier mummy Ötzi the Neolithic Age around 3,300 BC Kraxen formerly served also the trade over long distances and the peddler and water distributor. Kraxen serve, if known, today the book transport on stairways in some university libraries ( Austria ). Furthermore, special baby carriers for carrying babies, such as hiking in the mountains, popular.

A related development is the Kiepe, one worn on the back basket.

Carrying gear and packing board

The modern form of Kraxe is the support frame made of light metal, where the actual load is attached. The supporting frame is used to stabilize and load distribution, compared to the backpack ( in part ) and larger loads can be transported easily. For example, knapsacks and backpacks, boxes of ammunition, machine parts and food containers can be fastened and moved.

The older and simpler form of the support frame, the " packing board ", essentially a metal plate or a ladder-shaped wooden frame as a rough approximation to the Kraxe, was still up in the 1960s/70s in military use. Some models had a rear fabric mat pad, einzuhakende transverse plate carrier and Gurtspannzeug for Cargo Transport. It was replaced mostly by the more modern carrier frame ( "frame" ). This has often analogous to frame backpack, a hip pad and a fold-out rear transverse plate to absorb the load.

Backpack with integrated carrying frame

Traditional or modern backpack, often with a flap, card or outer compartment, Anhängebebänderung, strap and stand reinforcement. Behind the harness a support frame made of metal or plastic band is open integrated, sewn in the backpack part. An arc- shaped pad at waist level provides the necessary air space between back and backpack.

Another spacing is actually not necessary and is in some modern designs definitely at the expense of the backpack volume and comfort. This, strictly speaking and in comparison to Kraxe / Kiepe and Blunse, actual shape of the backpack, with or without supporting frame, even as a hunter backpack, Asher ( hunter language ) or hunting pack known, many hunters also prefer backpacks without a fixed support frame consisting Lodenstoff and leather are manufactured with roll -less buckle to cause no noise when moving in the area. Special forms for individual and backpackers reach the part three times the size of the regular type and thus have great similarity with carrying racks.

Blunse

Simple name for backpack without carrying frame, often referred to as a day pack, as a simple but fashionable products traded in some of garish colors. Low transport capacity and problems with bulky or heavy goods are accompanied by small packing volume and high coverage. Compared to regular bags hands free for work, comfort and cycling are particularly noticeable.

Messenger Backpack

The courier bag has been designed for the needs of bicycle couriers. It is good to wear on the bike and quickly on and take off, usually consists of especially durable, waterproof material (so-called tarpaulin ) and offers plenty of space for articles to be carried. In addition to the transport function of the backpack often serves the courier company as an advertising medium.

Laptop or notebook carrying backpack

The laptop or notebook backpack is specifically designed to transport a practical and simple way laptops or notebooks. It is home to, among other things (or mainly) a padded compartment for your portable computer. It is used with preference of motorcycle or bike riders or commuters.

City Backpack

The City Backpack ( City Bag) is a fashionably styled, light form of the backpack, which is used as borne on the backs of shopping or briefcase. He was not introduced until the mid-1980s, before Blunsen were distributed only in leisure and outdoor area. A modern variant is the triangular Triangle City Bag ( Across Body ) or one-belt backpack, crossover bag.

Wheeled backpack

Unlike a typical backpack that has the opening to the main compartment above has a Kofferucksack a large opening at the front, so you can lie down and open the suitcase backpack as a suitcase in front of him. The support system can be in many models in addition stow under the masking. The suitcase backpack mutated therefore thus to a travel bag.

Photo backpack

Very much like the wheeled backpack are usually designed with a large front flap for quick access to the equipment carried, photo backpacks. Typically, a camera bag is double layered stitched with interposed padding made ​​of PE or PU foam panels and equipped with well padded and adjustable internal dividers. Multiple interior compartments and often outside pockets allow storage of small parts. Also can be appropriate for bulky accessories such as tripods outside straps. Photo backpacks have significantly higher wearing comfort compared to photo gear. In conventional models, it is necessary to remove the backpack for access to camera gear and turn off somewhere. Alternative designs allow the release of one of the two straps so that the bag is swung on a side of the body and can be operated without taking off like a regular camera bag.

Trekking backpack

Unlike a backpack for hiking with day trekking equipment requires a backpack with a volume of usually about 70 liters. This usually provides the ability to attach a variety of equipment such as insulating, (ski) poles, tent poles, ice ax and mountain helmet is outside of the backpack, which makes the backpack but when wearing unstable. Some trekking backpacks have a separate sleeping bag compartment, but that increases the weight of the backpack. Additional pockets offer plenty of spectacles, electronic devices or compatible with hydration systems. Especially the wearing comfort for long hikes or good balance are special properties of a trekking backpack. Manufacturers of large backpacks include Norrøna, Berghaus Ltd.. and Lowe Alpine.

Climbing Packs, however, are narrow and have built in contrast, does not go beyond long-distance treks necessary volume and no side pockets.

Hydration pack

As a hydration pack ( even after the brand name Platypus or Camelbak (german camel back) or verballhornt ( Camelbag -. Engl camel bag ) ) is a hydration system referred to, in which a bladder is integrated into a backpack. The reservoir holds generally 1.5 to 3 liters. By means of a tube which is placed forward, the user can then take fluids, without interrupting his work. Therefore, using among other endurance athletes who need to travel long distances, this device. There are these backpacks now available in many different designs and sizes. Except in the sport hydration pack to the standard equipment of the soldiers of many armies heard worldwide.

Knapsack

The knapsack, colloquially known as Monkey, is a mainly based at military backpack shape with a fur or fabric covering is sewn on a rectangular wooden or plastic frame. In the military, the frame is omitted today. The interior is usually lined with fabric. The knapsack is used exclusively in the infantry.

Since the knapsack is still popular with some scout properties, there are specially made ​​for this target group models in which instead of the earlier wood frame plastic is used.

Role

In addition to the slung bag and development ( duffel bag ) the archetype of the backpack. Add a blanket or dermis belongings are rolled, the ceiling roll knotted and draped with a harness or suitable rope to each end. The modified form of the diagonally slung rain tarp with it wrapped blanket was worn for a long time in the Russian army. The roll bag is still wandering in craft journeymen in use. The cloth in which the belongings are knotted, ie Charlottenburg and is also a popular memory and collectible.

Duffel bag

Very special shape of the backpack in the form of a very large bag of coarse canvas. The bag often has a harness and can be sealed at the opening by threading a hook into a large padlock or lock ring. Duffle bags are still used in the military and in the Navy for transport and storage of personal equipment of soldiers. The focus is less on a high wearing comfort as on the rapid transport of large loads and on the space-saving stowage on board as possible.

School backpack

A variation of the modern, designed for healthy posture, optimum weight distribution and comfort Hiking Backpacks is the school backpack as a satchel (now also made ​​of modern materials such as durable and weather- resistant polyester / PVC) for children of primary school age, today as the preferred means of transport for school materials and coming.

Various ( satchel, satchels, valises )

Also a historical backpack form is the satchel, preferably made of thick leather. The word is of Slavic origin and is derived from rame (shoulder). The containers of the wayfarers in which they transported their belongings, called Felleisen.

Closures

Previously backpacks were tied, the leather straps connected with buckles. Today it velcro, zipper, click buckles, adjusting buckles and Tanka are used.

Term

In a figurative sense, the term "Rucksack " for lasting, emotional stress needed " someone constantly wears a backpack around with you ."

Literature Note

• Efficient load transport in Nepal. In: Science. 308, 1755 (2005) / Scientific Review. 1/2006, p 22