Balassagyarmat
Balassaqyarmat [ bɒlɒʃ ɒɟɒrmɒt ː ] ( German outdated: fair, Slovak Balážske Ďarmoty ) is a city in northern Hungary with 17,704 inhabitants ( 2005). The city is the center of the small area Balassaqyarmat and a border town with Slovakia.
Location
Balassaqyarmat is on the left side of the river Ipeľ / Ipoly in Nógrád pool. The district, which lies on the right bank of the river and was once one of Balassaqyarmat is now the Slovak village Slovenské Ďarmoty (Hungarian: Tótgyarmat ).
Traffic
By train you can reach the city with the lines 78 and 75 of MÁV ( Hungarian State Railways ).
By car you can reach the city on the highway 22 ( Hungarian side ) or 527 ( Slovak side ).
History
Early Middle Ages
After the arrival of the Magyars, the area of the present-day city was the settlement area of the Magyar tribal Gyarmat.
For the first time the city was mentioned in writing in 1244. The origin of the town is the castle, which was built after the Mongol attack on the Hungarian Kingdom.
14th-15th century
In the 14th to 15th centuries, the surrounding lands and the castle was the property of the Balassa family. From the 15th century the town's name reflects this possession ratio.
The town received market rights in 1437 (Hungarian Mezővárosi jog ).
Turkish occupation
The Ottomans conquered the city, 1552. During the fighting, the whole area was depopulated. New settlers arrived in the 17th century again. During this time, the city wall was built, the ruins of which can be seen today in the Bástya road.
Modern Times
In 1790, the city became the capital of the county Nógrád. The prison was built in 1845 and is still used today.
Since the Treaty of Trianon Balassaqyarmat is a border town, originally it should also belong to Czechoslovakia. But this was prevented by the continued resistance of the population.
In 1919 the city the title of " Civitas Fortissima " ( bravest city) was given when the citizens chased the Czech occupation troops across the river Ipoly.
In 1950, the county seat was moved to Salgótarján. The county court is located but to this day in Balassaqyarmat.
Twin Cities
Attractions
- Palóc Museum and the palóc House ( folklore collection )
- Csillagház, the "Star House" ( classical - local history collection )
- The former town hall ( Classicist, according to plans by Ferenc Kasselik, built from 1832 to 1835 )
- The former home of Kálmán Mikszáth
- Roman Catholic Church ( baroque, 1740-1746 )
- Protestant church ( baroque, 1785-1786 )
- Former Balassa Hotel ( Classicist, Sándor Petőfi was here twice guest. )
Sons and daughters of the town
- Bérczy Károly (1821-1867), writer
- Josef Dobrovský (1753-1829), Czech linguists
- Jobbágy Károly (1921-1998), poet
- Péter Kőszeghy (born 1971 ), composer and music educator
- Iván Markó (* 1947), choreographer
- Márk Rózsavölgyi (1789-1848), composer
- György Udvardy ( b. 1960 ), bishop of Pécs
- Ernő Zorad (1911-2004), graphic designer, illustrator and painter