Bảo Đại

Emperor Bảo Dai ( Hán tự :保 大, born October 22, 1913 in Hue, † 30 July 1997 in Paris) was the thirteenth and last emperor of the Vietnamese Nguyễn Dynasty. On 8 January 1926 he was enthroned as Emperor and held this post until his abdication on 25 August 1945. Between 1949 and 1955 he was again heads of state and head of government of the autonomous State Vietnam. His real name was Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuy, Nguyễn Phúc also thien than Ärabezeichnung he chose " Bảo Dai ", meaning " keep size " some. His Asked by this motto era began on February 13, 1926 and ended with the 30th August 1945.

Biography

Prince Vinh Thuy was the only son of Emperor Khải Định whose second wife Tú Đức Cung was his mother. He was educated in France and in 1926 crowned after the death of his father, the Emperor, but was not able to escape the French control of his government - Vietnam remained a part of French Indochina. 1940 during the Second World War came Japan, simultaneously with the invasion of his ally Germany in France, in French Indochina. The Japanese allowed the French administration exist, however, dictated the policies in the background. For Vietnam, Bảo Dai therefore, there was a kind of double puppet government. This constellation had until March 9, 1945 stock, when the French were ousted. Bảo Dai thereafter remained only the choice to submit to the Japanese. This proclaimed on 11 March, the "independence" of Vietnam with Bảo Dai as emperor.

The Japanese surrendered to the Allies in August 1945, whereupon the existing of Vietnamese nationalists and communists Việt Minh under Hồ Chí Minh aimed to seize power. Hồ could bring to abdicate because of his relations with the Japanese on 25 August 1945 and to hand over power to the Việt Minh, what the new government gave a high degree of legitimacy among the population Bảo Dai. Bảo Dai was appointed "supreme adviser " of the new government in Hanoi, which proclaimed independence on 2 September 1945.

1949 France was formed in Saigon a rival government under Bảo Dai, which was recognized by Great Britain, the United States and the United Nations.

When in 1954 was on the Indochina Conference divided Vietnam, Bảo Dai was initially head of state of South Vietnam, but went to Paris. The following year, South Vietnam was organized regularly by a military coup and his Catholic- nationalist Ngo Dinh Diem prime minister referendum on the Republic, Ngo Dinh Diem became president.

1997 died Bảo Dai in Paris and was buried in the Cimetière de Passy. On his grave the present government reminds photos in the old imperial villa in Da Lạt.

An insight into the life of this controversial Vietnamese emperor show the imperial villas in Da Lạt (Highland, Bauhaus style) and located in a prominent location near the sea Villas in Nha Trang and Vung Tau (French Art Nouveau ), which were partially converted into a museum and an interesting represent contemporary witness of the life of late-colonial Vietnam.

Family

On March 20, 1934 Bảo Dai married Jeanne Marie -Thérèse ( Mariette ) Nguyen Thi Lan Hữu - Hào (4 December 1914-15 September 1963. ) That the name Nam Phương ( later title: Nam Phương Hoàng HAU ) received.

During this marriage he married also

Later

Bảo Dai had three, according to other data five sons ( " Hoàng Tú " (王子) corresponds approximately to " prince ", " Thái Tú " (长子/长子) about " Crown Prince " ):

With Nam Phương:

• ( Thái Tú ) Bảo Long ( * January 4, 1936, † 28 July 2007), he was the subsequent head of the Nguyễn family;
• ( Hoàng TU) Bảo Thắng ( born September 30, 1943), head of the Nguyễn family since 2007;

With Bùi Mong Điệp or with ( the concubine ) Phi Ánh:

• ( Hoàng TU) Bảo Ân (* 1953);

And possibly two more with Bùi Mong Điệp:

• Hoàng Bảo (* 1954 );
• Bảo Sơn (* 1957).

He had five, according to other data seven daughters (the title " Công Chua " (公主) corresponds approximately to "Princess " ):

• ( Công Chua ) Phương Thao - Claire Phương Thao - ( with Hoàng Lan Tieu or Bùi Mong Điệp );
• ( Công Chua ) Phuong Mai ( born August 1, 1937) ( with Nam Phương );
• ( Công Chua ) Phương Liên ( born November 3, 1938) ( with Nam Phương );
• ( Công Chua ) Phương Dung ( born February 5, 1942) ( with Nam Phương );
• ( Công Chua ) Phương Minh (* 1949) ( with Bùi Mong Điệp or Phi Ánh ).

And possibly two more:

• Phương An ( with Hoàng Lan Tieu );
• Phương Tu ( with " Vicky ", a Frenchwoman ).