Baptisia australis
Indigo lupine ( Baptisia australis)
The indigo lupine ( Baptisia australis ) is a species in the subfamily of the Fabaceae ( Faboideae ) within the legume family ( Fabaceae ). Other German Trivial names are dyed blue sleeve, Australian dyers sleeve or False Indigo. This North American species was used as a dye plant.
- 6.1 Notes and references
Description
Appearance and leaf
The Indigo Lupine is a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant that can reach heights of growth of up to 150 cm. It forms deep -reaching, branched roots with root nodules. It forms as Überdauerungsorgan a rhizome. The sap of the indigo lupine turns blue gray in the air. The squat, bald, erect stems branching only at the top.
The alternate on the stem arranged leaves are pinnate three parts unpaired. The three gray - green leaflets that Fiederenden are wider than the approach ( obovate ).
Inflorescence and flower
At the terminal, erect, short racemose inflorescences, the flowers sit together. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic, fünfzählig and about 2.5 to 3 cm in size. The five light - blue to blue-violet petals are arranged typical of the Fabaceae. The flowering period extends depending on the location from April to August ( peak flowering time is June ).
Fruit and seeds
It is made one at maturity blackish discoloring, inflated legume, which is 2.5 to 7.5 cm long, ending in a sharp tip and contains some loose seeds. The seeds are yellow - brown, bean-shaped and about 2 mm in size.
Occurrence and ecology
The indigo lupine comes from the central and eastern North America. However, it was introduced as an ornamental plant in other regions. It prefers lime-free, dry or rocky soil in full sun or partial shade.
How many legumes it is with the help of root symbionts for nitrogen fixation in the situation.
Use
Cherokee made use of the plant for the production of a blue dye for garments. European settlers in North America picked up on this and used it as a substitute for the genuine Indigo (hence the German name " False Indigo" ). Some Indian tribes put the indigo lupine as a tea for medicinal purposes.
Ingredients
Baptisia australis contains a number of quinolizidine alkaloids, including Anagyrin, Baptifolin, Cystinin and lupanine. The consumption of plant parts can cause diarrhea and anorexia.
System
This species was first published in 1767 under the name Sophora australis by Carl Linnaeus in Systema Naturae, 12th edition, 2, p 287. It was in 1811 by Robert Brown in Hortus Kewensis; or, a Catalogue of the Plants Cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew. Asked London ( 2nd ed ) 3, page 6 under the name Baptisia australis Baptisia in the genus. Other synonyms for is Baptista australis L. caerulea are Baptisia Eaton & Wright, Baptisia confusa Sweet ex G.Don, Baptisia exaltata Sweet, Baptisia versicolor Lodd. , Podalyria australis (L.) Willd., Podalyria coerulea Michx. , Ripasia caerulea ( Trew ) Raf., Sophora caerulea Trew.
There are three varieties of Baptisia australis:
- Baptisia australis var aberrans ( Larisey ) Mendenhall
- Baptisia australis L. var australis
- Baptisia australis var minor ( Lehm. ) Fernald