Bartol Kašić

Bartol Kašić ( born August 15, 1575 Pag, Croatia, † December 28, 1650 in Rome, also: Bartul Kašić, Bartholomaeo Cassio or Bartholomaeus Cassius, sometimes with the addition Bogdančić or Pazanin ) was Croatian Jesuit, Bible translator, writer and linguist.

Life

Bartol Kašić was born in 1575 on the Adriatic island of Pag. He lost his father early and was out, picked up by his maternal uncle Luka Deodati Bogdančić, a pager clergy, from whom he learned to read and write. In 1595 he joined the Jesuit Order in Rome. Even as a student he was interested in the Croatian language and wrote a handwritten Croatian- Italian dictionary. From 1609 to 1612 he taught in Dubrovnik as a teacher of grammar. In 1612 he was sent by the Pope on a missionary journey into the territories under Ottoman rule in Bosnia, in the Sanjak of Smederevo, Belgrade, Vukovar and Osijek. In 1618 Kašić was sent on a second missionary journey. After Rome, he returned definitively only in 1635 again, where he died in 1650.

Services

The works Kasics next literary and linguistic works are also numerous translations and revisions to theological works of the Counter-Reformation.

1625 Kašić started independently with the translation of the New Testament. In 1625 he was commissioned by the Congregation de Propaganda Fide, the order the ( Vulgate ) Bible fully translate into Croatian. In 1631 he sent the handwritten manuscripts of the Congregation in Rome. The printing of the Bible was ultimately rejected again.

The translation of the Bible was written in the contemporary language of Dubrovnik in Latin script. The Commission, which had been used for the evaluation of translation, had concerns because the text of its opinion was " neither in Scripture nor of St. Jerome in the of Saint Cyril " written. The former was attributed at the time to the Glagolitic and Cyrillic latter. Since the translation of Kašić was intended as a Bible for the ( West - ) Slavs, they should be written according to some church leaders in the (after view at that time ) the original signature of the Slavs and the Church Slavonic language traditionally used. In 1633 Kašić personally traveled to Pope Urban VIII to Rome and initially also received permission to print his Bible translation. The Holy Office was commissioned after renewed conflict with the decision in this dispute and came to the conclusion: it is not useful a translation of the Scriptures in the Croatian national or new language written in the Latin script to print ( "Non est expediens ut imprimatur versio Sacrae Scripturae facta lingua illyrica vernacula, seu nova, characteribus Latinis "). Eventually, the pressure of the Bible translation was rejected and thus not print the work. After surviving manuscripts of the Bible, the Croatian Bartol Kašić 1999 first appeared in printed form.

Among the most important translations Kasics in the Croatian language is one of the Roman Ritval Rimsky (1640), a translation of the rituals, which was used until the year 1929. This work took over the role that the translation of the Bible played with other nations in the respective vernacular in the Croatian language: it contributed to the unification and standardization of the Croatian language at.

Of special importance was Bartol Kašić as the author of the first Croatian grammar, which appeared in 1604 under the title Institutiones linguae Illyricae in Latin. The grammar should primarily serve as a manual for missionaries and facilitate their learning the vernacular. Kašić described in the grammar first, the font of the Croatian and in particular the grapheme-phoneme relationships. By eliminating irregularities and ambiguities Kašić contributed to the standardization of the Croatian orthography. In addition, the grammar also described the declension, conjugation and syntax of the Croatian. Kašić described no specific regional dialect, but stated in his grammar a štokavisch - čakavische compensation language shows how it was used in the former literature.

Works (selection)

• Institutiones linguae Illyricae, Rome 1604
• Ritval Rimsky, istomaccen Slovinski / Ritvale Romavm Vrbani VIII Pont. Max Ivssv editvm illyrica Lingva, Rome 1640