Beehive

As a beehive made ​​available by the beekeeper artificial nest box ( housing ) is referred to, together with the people therein of honey bees. The dwelling alone is called prey. Modern so -called magazine Booties, consist of a box made ​​of wood or plastic.

Term prey

The word booty was used in the 8th century first for a pastry board or a baking tray and later for the forest hive. Despite the early testimony, neither the origin nor the history is sufficiently clear. Bear witness is the Middle High German word " biuta " as a hive and the Old High German " biutte " or " biot " as a baking tray or hive. Originally, often referred to the word " booty " in this context is the whole bee tree. Only in the 19th century, this term prevailed as the name of a provided by the human hive.

History

By nature, the European bee races the way Western Honey Bee need to survive a winter - and weatherproof housing. For this purpose, a nest box is in a size of about 60 liters, which is dry all year round. Originally, the bees were living wild in naturally occurring cavities in trees in the forest. In the early days then the man began to offer the bees hollowed-out tree trunks or other cavities as a nesting site. Hollowed cylindrical stem pieces, mainly of Sūkam tree, are still in use in Yemen. In Africa, even clay pipes are used. In Western Europe, people imitated hollow tree trunks by Klotz hives or Klotzstülper they offered bees to nest. The same function is fulfilled Rutenstülper braided or braided straw baskets in the heath beekeeping. Everywhere developed special types and forms of bees dwellings of different materials. In Carinthia, they were called Carinthian peasant stock and Krainer Bauer floor. Bildstöcke hot Klotz hives logs are richly carved and painted. In their appearance they resemble more carved wooden statues as a hive.

Disadvantage of all these dwellings was that honey may be harvested only in that a portion of the honeycomb of the bee plant excised and is thus destroyed. Because of the integral with the loot honeycomb plant the kind of honeycomb is called Stabilbau.

Was in many parts of Asia, and is partially held today in rural areas, the Eastern honey bee hives in block or cavities of walls as "Bee of the little man ."

Currently usual hives

In the 19th century came through honeycomb in movable wooden frames on the Mobilbau. This was a back treatment loot of wood that worked the beekeeper from behind. Your mobile alveolar structure is compared to this wild bee a significant advance in beekeeping dar. The honeycomb used in frames in the hive. This allows the filled honeycomb to be removed and replaced by another empty ( spun-out ). In this way the bees can spend less energy for the construction of honeycomb. Another advantage is that such hives can be well accommodated in an apiary or bee car. In the heath beekeeping straw baskets were placed in bee fences. A modern alternative to these now less common modes of operation is the beekeepers with magazine Booties (see photo above ), which are placed freely without further protection in the field. Because magazines can only be processed from the top, the magazine prey is a superset treatment prey. The world beekeeping only works in the 21st century in moveable hives. Germany is divided within the magazine beekeeping in North and South. While in the north mainly developed in the beekeeper Sciences Bad Segeberg Segeberger booties made ​​of plastic ( rigid foam polystyrene) are used, rather Magazine booties made ​​of wood are common in the south. The trend towards the magazine came on in the 1970s. Previously, there was in Germany mainly wooden backgrounds treatment hives, which were placed in beehives. This Booty and installation type ( also in bee car) was in East Germany in the GDR majority until 1989 common.