Berlin–Lehrte railway
As Berlin Lehrter Railway ( Lehrter ) extending in the east-west direction railway from Berlin is named after Taught by Hanover.
Route description
The now existing, 239 -kilometer route runs from the main train station in Berlin in a westerly direction to Berlin - Spandau ( Havel bridge ), from there via Rathenow ( Havel bridge ), Stendal (Elbe bridge at Hämerten ) Oebisfelde, Wolfsburg and Gifhorn (Elbe Lateral Canal - tunnel ) and empties into Taught in the railway route between Hanover and Braunschweig to Hannover.
The Lehrter is as up to 200 km / h busy rail line between Hanover and Oebisfelde part of the high-speed line Hannover- Berlin. Between Oebisfelde Berlin and the tracks of the new line Oebisfelde Berlin run largely parallel to Lehrter.
History
Construction and operation of development
The Magdeburg- Halberstadt Railway Company ( MHE ) in 1867 he obtained the concession for the construction of this railway and a diversion of Stendal about Salzwedel to Uelzen, called America Line. The course should reduce the traffic between Berlin to Hanover in comparison to the existing connection via Potsdam, Magdeburg, Oschersleben, Wolfenbüttel and Braunschweig. She went into the following stages in operation:
The Berlin- Lehrter Railway was established in December 1879 purchase of the MHE ownership of the Kingdom of Prussia. Together with other companies in the MHE on July 1, 1886, liquidated and therefore part of the Prussian state railways. In Berlin ( Charlottenburg ) region, the locations Lehrterstraße web were structurally and operationally merged with those of the still lying separately Hamburg train more and more. This process was completed with the separation of passenger and freight traffic from Berlin to the bypass path between Wustermark and Nauen, the construction and reconstruction of Spandau passenger station and the opening of the displacement train station Wustermark before the First World War.
The railway line became more and more importance in passenger and freight traffic of the capital with Hannover, the Ruhr and Bremen. With the division of Germany after the Second World War, the route lost distance passenger services largely. Because of reparations in the Soviet occupation zone of their railway systems were reduced to a minimum, partly due to curious, has led time-consuming operations at train crossings. In Berlin, the remaining traffic was concentrated on other lines and stations, so that in 1952 Lehrterstraße station stopped operating and was finally demolished in 1958 final.
1974 was completed with the 970 m long Elbe Lateral Canal tunnel passing under a the newly built Elbe Lateral Canal.
From 1976, the Interzone trains between Berlin and Hamburg used the Lehrter between Wustermark and Berlin. For this, the new control station Staaken was established. After German unification in 1991 reversed from long-distance trains from Berlin to Hanover.
Accidents
On October 16, 1917 severe railway accident occurred in the station of Schönhausen (Elbe ): A special train with children went on a freight train. 26 people died and 16 others were injured.
Took place on 22 January 1941 at Isenbuttel - Gifhorn station (now Gifhorn ) a severe rear-end collision: The fast freight train Dg 6120 went to a dispatcher error on the holding Wehrmachtszug W 94122 on. 94 people died and a further 156 were injured.
High-speed line
Main article: high-speed line Hannover- Berlin
In the 1980s planning to expand the Lehrter for high-speed line for transit between West Germany and West Berlin was born. Parallel to existing tracks Lehrterstraße track (master tracks) for the internal circulation within the GDR, but apart from them, should run the transit tracks.
That this plan was based on the 1998 put into operation high-speed line, you realize today, if an ICE with up to 250 km / h passes by a diesel-powered, 120 km / h, regional train. Conversely, ( Station Great Behnitz ), not use, because the electrification missing electric regional trains, stations that are on the main tracks.
Between 150 and 157 route kilometers ( Mieste - Miesterhorst ) but the high-speed line were built in the course of the expansion Lehrterstraße train catenary from concrete without boom and contact line during construction. Since development during construction has been reduced several times, witness the catenary masts broken up today by the electrification of the railway between Lehrter Oebisfelde and Wustermark (except Stendal ).
Development of hamburgers and Lehrter in Berlin
For connection to the new Berlin ring road was built in 1879 at Fuerstenbrunn connect to the freight station Charlottenburg -Westend (now West ). This compound was expanded in 1882 as Lehrter rail terminal station Berlin-Charlottenburg, to create a link for passenger trains Lehrterstraße train to Berlin's new city car. For the same purpose was also gone in 1882 for the Hamburg train the quilho connection between Ruhleben and the train Berlin -Charlottenburg in operation.
By nationalizing the adjacent railway systems and their transport in Berlin and Spandau to Hamburg and Lehrter could be combined and rearranged:
- Relocation of the passenger traffic of the Hamburg train station in the Lehrter of Berlin and closure of the Hamburger Bahnhof in October 1884.
- Pooling of freight stations in Berlin " Berlin Hamburg u Lehrter Gbf " short " Berlin H u L" until May 1893.
- Reorganization of the Lehrter station and the Hamburg train station in Spandau freight station (west of the Havel ) and passenger station (east of the Havel ), between 1888 and 1892. Was only a few years earlier (1885 ) a goods track here was built to " outside of Berlin " in general establish a link between the two tracks.
- At the same time, the two pairs of tracks between Berlin and Spandau were not according to their directions, (Hamburg, Taught ), but separately for passenger and freight traveled. The Lehrter was here to haul exclusively for freight trains. In the area of the extended station Moabit occurred in connection with the four-tracked expansion of the circle line also changes.
The Putlitzstraße station allowed from 1898 for the first time transfers between North Ring trains and suburban trains Spandau - Berlin Lehrter station. Further stations for the trains Lehrterstraße railway were opened:
- In Staaken (1900)
- In Fuerstenbrunn (1905 ) for the workers of Siemens City
- In Virgin Heide ( 1908)
Large remodeling Spandau railway facilities
The ever-growing distance travel, suburban and freight made by the radical transformation of the Spandau railway facilities from 1905 to 1912 is necessary. Also should tasks in freight transport, for which the Berlin railway facilities had become too tight, be moved outside.
Between Ruhleben and the goods station Spandau old, last used for freight train paths Lehrterstraße train was abandoned and created a new eight - or sechsgleisige railway embankment in the course of the Hamburg railway. For the long-distance, suburban and freight were their own tracks.
West of Spandau freight depot ( Spandau West) emerged in 1908 new passenger tracks for the Lehrter path branched only at the border to Staaken of the Hamburg railway. As previously east of Spandau the original tracks Lehrterstraße train could only serve the freight thereby also here. They took on the freight trains, not only the direction of Hanover, but also to Hamburg. As of 1909, the marshalling yard Wustermark in operation, the shunting of Spandau and partly the Berlin Moabit and H u L train stations went took over. 1911, the freight station Ruhleben was opened to traffic with several sidings.
In parallel, particular suburban tracks of the Havel were for the increasing suburban traffic with the Berlin Stadtbahn furnished to the new suburban station Spandau West ( opened in 1910 ) out west. 1911 was the Spandau suburb path that branched off at highway station from Hamburg city rail link and stations on the race course ( opened in 1909 ) and Pichelsberg leads, in full operation.
As to the southwest this section also received their own suburban tracks in the laying of the rail connection between highway and train station Charlottenburg, the electric commuter train traffic was taken to Spandau from August 1928. Although earlier planned to Wustermark, only in 1951 was the S-Bahn an extension until after Staaken. 1980, the S- Bahn service was discontinued and not established between Spandau and Staaken up again today.