Bernese Oberland

As the Bernese Oberland, the higher parts of the canton of Bern in Switzerland are referred. They are. , The region around Lake Thun and Lake Brienz and the valleys south of it The Bernese Oberland is a popular destination for tourists from all over the world.

History

The term Bernese Oberland goes back to the creation of the Canton of Oberland by Napoleon with capital Thun in 1798. Five years later, in 1803, was even reunited with the Mediation Act of the Canton of Oberland by Napoleon with the Canton of Bern. However, the feeling of togetherness was the " Oberland " exist.

Part of the country flag Oberland

The part of the country flag Oberland was designed by architect B. Rodt and on May 29, 1953 officially recognized by the government of the canton of Bern.

Tourism

Thun is the gateway to the Bernese Oberland. The starting points are above all Spiez and Interlaken. Tourism began early and was initially closely linked to the scientific tapping of the mountain, but was also inspired literary and distributed, so by Albrecht von Haller's monumental poem The Alps and through popular literature such mimili the story of Heinrich Clauren.

Some tourist sites are located in the valley floor or boiler (Grindelwald, Kandersteg, Adelboden, Two Simmen, steering ), others on valley terraces, such as Hasliberg, Wengen, Mürren and Beatenberg. Other villages are situated on the shores of Lake Brienz or Lake Thun, Brienz, Iseltwald, Bönigen, Gunten, Merligen.

The main ridge of the Bernese Alps represents a largely insurmountable barrier when traveling is to the south, so there are few transport connections here. In the road passable only in summer Susten and Grimsel Passes play an important role in connecting the Bernese Oberland with the Goms or the Reuss Valley (Upper Valais). Open all year round Brünigpass provides a direct connection to Central Switzerland.

The area around Lake Thun and Lake Brienz is easily accessible via the motorway 6 of Berne. For tuna the highway going about 6 in the Highway 8, which leads on the southern shore of the lakes along to Brienz and across the Brünig pass in the direction of Lucerne.

The long-distance railway operated Thun and Spiez from Berne on the mainline of the Lötschberg line. The Montreux- Oberland -Bahn ( MOB) connects the Saanen country with the Lake Geneva region, while the Brünigbahn manufactures rail connections to central Switzerland.

The railway traffic passes through the Bernese Alps, between Kandersteg and Goppenstein in the canton of Valais in the Lötschberg tunnel and since 2007 in the deeper Lötschberg base tunnel between [ Frutigen ] ] and Visp. These two tunnels are the only all-weather road connections that traverse the main ridge of the Bernese Alps, since the Grimsel Pass is closed in winter.

In the context of tourism, many peaks were developed early on through mountain paths, eg Sneezing, Brienz Rothorn, Schilthorn. Potential through a gear train Jungfraujoch ( Top of Europe ) is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the region. In recent times, numerous cable cars, gondolas and chair lifts have been added. From Grindelwald leads the longest gondola in the world, the gondola Grindelwald- male, the masculine.

The Wetterhorn - lift to the Wetterhorn was the first cable car in Switzerland. From this path but only the first of four planned stations was built, which is no longer in operation, however, since 1918.

Another popular destination is Blue Lake, a mountain lake surrounded by a natural park with trout farm in the Kander Valley.

Individual regions and towns

  • Haslital with Meiringen, Hasliberg, Innertkirchen
  • Brienz with Brienz, Ringgenberg, Iseltwald
  • Jungfrau Region with Grindelwald, Wengen, Mürren, Lauterbrunnen
  • Bödeli with Interlaken, Matten, Wilderswil and Bönigen
  • Thun, Thun, Spiez and Beatenberg
  • Frutigland with Adelboden, Frutigen, Kandersteg and Kiental
  • Simmental with steering and Zweisimmen
  • Saanen to Gstaad

Geography

The Bernese Oberland is characterized by a number of valleys that descend from the main ridge of the Bernese Alps to the north. All these valleys draining into the River Aare, which, arising in the east of the Bernese Oberland, in the north of the Bernese Oberland fed Lake Brienz and Lake Thun. In the northwest, the Stockhornkette raises abruptly from the Bernese Mittelland. Covered by glaciers is just the main ridge of the Bernese Alps.

The Bernese Oberland includes the river and valley area of alpine Aare River and its tributaries in the south of the canton of Bern and the west subsequent Saanen ( Gstaad, Saanen ), the valley line is not open for Aaregebiet, but in the cantons of Vaud and Fribourg. A line of Gental above Meiringen, Grosse and Kleine Scheidegg, Sefinenfurgge, Hohtürli, Kandersteg, Adelboden to Lenk divides the Bernese Oberland in a northern pre-alpine zone, in which no peaks higher than 3,000 m above sea level. M., and a southern alpine zone, reached their highest peak, the Finstaarhorn ( 4'274 m above sea level. M. ). Other well-known peaks of this area are Eiger ( 3'970 m), Mönch ( 4'107 m), Virgin ( 4'158 m, on the border with the Canton of Valais), Schreckhorn ( 4'078 m), Wetterhorn ( 3'701 m) and Blümlisalp ( 3'664 m above sea level. M. ).

For the Bernese side of the Alps is characterized by the steep drop to the north, particularly pronounced on the Eiger North Face, which has over a distance of only 5 km ca 3000 m gradient. Most high alpine peaks belong to the autochthonous Aar Massif, which finds its western end approximately at a mountain. Just north, a narrow Kalkzone adjoined. The mountains on Lake Brienz and the pre-Alpine zone belong to the Helvetic ceiling and consist partly of chalk, partly out of flysch. The mountains sneezing and Stockhornstrasse, west of Lake Thun, are among the Fribourg Pre-Alps ( Cliff and Brekziendecke ).

The Bernese Oberland has been modeled by glacial glaciers and broken down into individual sections. U-shaped, accompanied by terraces valleys, such as the Lauterbrunnen Valley, strive to Lake Brienz and Lake Thun, in turn, owe their origin to the Aaregletscher. His tongue basin ranged initially from Innertkirchen / Meiringen to the area of ​​Berne, but is then been filled by debris- rich inflows partially ( levels between Meiringen and Brienz, near Interlaken and between Thun and Bern ). None of the transverse valleys of the Bernese Oberland, however, leads through the high alpine pass, so that they play only a minor role for the passage of traffic.

The following mountains are located in the southern alpine zone (Bernese Alps):

  • Finstaarhorn ( 4274 meters, the highest peak in the Bernese Oberland)
  • Jungfrau ( 4158 meters)
  • Monk ( 4107 meters)
  • Eiger ( 3970 meters)
  • Blümlisalp ( Blümlisalphorn 3664 meters, 3652 meters Wyssi wife, Morning Horn 3626 meters)
  • Wildstrubel ( 3243.5 meters)

The following mountains belong to the northern pre-alpine zone are thus part of the Bernese Alps:

  • Schilthorn ( 2971 meters) with Piz Gloria
  • Lazy Horn ( 2681 meters)
  • Brienz Rothorn (2350 meters)
  • Morgenberghorn ( 2249 meters)

Pictures of Bernese Oberland

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