Betonica

Yellow Betony ( Betonica alopecuros )

The Betonien ( Betonica ) are a genus of plants that belongs to the lip of the cabbage family. They are sometimes also counted to the genus Zieste ( Stachys ), they are very similar.

• 3.1 Literature
• 3.2 Notes and references

Description

Species of the genus Betonica are perennial herbaceous plants with sterile leaf rosettes. The stem of the basal leaves is four times as long as the leaf blade.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic. The petals in a corolla tube fused, this is inside without hair ring. The Kronoberlippe is almost flat. The stretched forward stamens are. The anthers are separated into two almost parallel halves. Pollination is mostly by bees.

System

The types of Betonien are used by some authors in the genre of Zieste ( Stachys ) found, for example, in the Flora Europaea. Recent molecular studies have shown that the Betonien are only distantly related to the Ziesten and are not even in the same tribe Stachydeae, but ( Galeopsis ) have been found as the sister group of the hollow teeth.

Taxonomy and etymology

The genus Betonica was erected in 1753 by Carolus Linnaeus in Species Plantarum.

The name " Betonien " derives from the Latin: Betonica that is found, for example, in Pliny's Natural History or Scribonius Largus; the term vettōnica seemed common, Pliny also mentioned, or which is found in Pelagonius De re veterinaria. The names go on the Celtic tribe of the Vectone or vettones, who lived in the Iberian Peninsula in Lusitania. The Romanesque forms, such as Italian Bettonica, Spanish or French Betonica bétoine have partially mixed in dialects with Britannicus ( = British). An origin from the Celtic bentonic as alleged, for example, Georg Christoph Witt stone is, however, excluded.

Species

The genus of Betonien twelve mainly used in Europe and Southwest Asia species are counted. In Europe, five of them are native. Some types are:

• Yellow Betony, Yellow Betony, Foxtail Ziest ( Betonica alopecuros L.)
• Sealing Blossom Betony, Alpine Betony ( Betonica hirsuta L.)
• Large-flowered betony ( Betonica macrantha K. Koch )
• True Betony, medicinal Stachys ( Betonica officinalis L.)

Swell