Black Diamond (library)

Called Den Sorte Diamant ( "Black Diamond "), even diamonds ( " diamond ") is a cubic cultivation of the Danish Royal Library on the island Slotsholmen in downtown Copenhagen. The name suggests the black, sloping facade of polished granite. The seven-storey building includes primarily public functions such as exhibition halls, conference and study rooms, concert hall, cafe and bookstore. Also, the " National Museum of Photography ", the " Museum of Danish cartoons" and " Denmark's Book Museum " are housed here. On a shelf length of around 160 km, the house preserves the largest collection of books in Northern Europe - with 4.8 million volumes and 15 million manuscripts and graphic documents. The cost of the built 1995-1999 House amounted to 462.1 million Danish kroner.

  • 5.1 Det Kongelige Library

History

Due to lack of space in the old building of the Royal Library In 1993, a European architectural competition to expand the facility on the island of Holmen slot. In addition to the physical expansion, the planners wanted to achieve with a new extension that the library will open their environment by there should also take place exhibitions, concerts, transfer of knowledge and other cultural experiences. By 1995, the planning phase and the first and second public tender was held. Among the 179 participants, the architects Schmidt, Hammer & Lassen emerged as the winner, adapted itself to the available budget. 52 construction companies participated in the construction, behind which stood the Danish Ministry of Culture as a builder. After breaking ground in 1996 and the foundation stone was laid on 7 October 1996 was a year later, on 19 September 1997, the topping to be celebrated. Finally, the building was inaugurated two years later, on 7 September 1999 and made ​​available to the public on 15 September. At the time, criticized researchers and students that the construction of a " superficial foyer culture" promoted that goes at the expense of library users. On the other criticism was that too much has been invested in the construction of place in the collection of books.

Building materials

On 20,733 m² 450 rooms with 800 doors are spread over eight levels. The façade consists of 2,500 square black granite from Zimbabwe, reflects the sunlight into the " inner harbor " ( Indrehavnen ). Each of the stones that were cut and polished in northern Italy, weighs 75 kg. The glass facade of the covered atrium is supported by large steel beams that were produced in Poland and weigh a ton per meter. The glass walls manufactured in Germany of the reading rooms are six meters high, 2.40 meters wide and 16 mm thick. Each glass weighs 576 kg. The floor is partly made ​​of maple wood, among other things, on the balconies and walkways, and partly from Spanish sandstone. For the fabricated specifically for the library inventory mainly American maple, leather, stainless steel and glass sandbestrahltes was used.

Components

In the foyer on the port side there is a ticket office, a bookstore, a cloakroom and access to the cafe are Øieblikket ( "Café of the moment " ) and the restaurant Søren K. Above the ground floor the actual library functions are housed. The circulation desk is located on the so-called " bridge loan " ( udlånsbro ) that connects two floors above the busy street Christians Brygge the new building with the old library building Holm. Further up the "black diamond " are the reading rooms and a number of special information centers. Public institutions such as showrooms in size from 60 m² to 1,000 m² are distributed in the middle of the building around the atrium. The 29 -meter-high atrium extends from the floor to the glass roof of the building and offers direct views of the " inner harbor " ( Indrehavnen ). Are the offices and administrative buildings on the sides of the building. The management of the library has its headquarters on the top floor.

Reading rooms and information centers

After expanding by the Black Diamond to the public areas of the library experienced a considerable increase their capacity. Instead of one, there are now six reading rooms instead of 100 and now 486 reading places. The collections expanded with the opening in September 1999, from 45,000 to 191,000 volumes. Overall in the reading rooms and information centers affiliated space for 221,000 volumes, reference books, periodicals and microfilms on 9500 meters of shelving.

  • The number of reading courses in the Information room rose from 46 to 60
  • The Reading Room Ost ( Læsesal Øst ) for newspapers and magazines has 131 reading places. A collection of reference books and dissertations includes 10,500 volumes. There are magazine microfilm on 80,000 coils and are credited with 4000 journals of the last three vintages, including 3200 foreign and Danish 800 of which date back to around 750 titles from the Danish article index.
  • The Reading Room West ( Læsesal Vest), a reading room for research, a total of 163 reading places and can now keep 65,000 volumes instead of 25,000.
  • The Reading Room North ( North Læsesal ) is also the "Center for International Studies " ( Center for International Studier ) and offers 96 reading places. In it, handbooks, statistics, contracts and judgments, including international organizations, as well as about 350 periodicals are housed by organizations.
  • The "Center for manuscripts and book history" ( Center for Manuskripter above Boghistorie ) offers 24 reading places.
  • The "Center for maps and images " ( Center for Kort og Bill Eder) offers 26 reading places.
  • The "Center for Music and Theatre" ( Center for Music og Teater ) offers 17 reading places.
  • The "Center for Oriental Studies and Jewish Studies " ( Center for Orientalia Judaica above ) offers 17 reading places.

Dronningesalen

The "Queens Room" ( Dronningesalen ), take place in the musical events and lectures, offers a repertoire of classical music. The hall music on the one hand presented based on the library's own collection of music, on the other hand will find concerts with varying ensembles instead. The hall has a volume of 5600 cubic meters, is about 20 m wide, 30 m long and 10 m high. With 384 places is a stage area of 150 m² and 88 m² with 480 seats and 600 seats with 35 sqm. The costs amounted to 35 million crowns. The reverberation time in the room varies with the adjustable sound records of the walls from 1.1 to 1.9 seconds.

Montana hall and portico

The "Montana Hall" (Montana salen ) in the B floor is 200 m² in size, the " portico " ( Søjlehallen ) in the floor K 300 m². In the halls of changing cultural, historical and current issues exhibitions - often based on the collection of the library. Some of these exhibitions hike later by Denmark.

National Museum of Photography

Det Nationale Fotomuseum is spread over an area of ​​520 m². In him about 50,000 photographic works of art from the period of 1839 are housed today. The museum thus offers a wide segment from both the Danish and international photographic history. In the exhibition rooms in the K- floor changing cultural and historical topics exhibitions that are based on the library's own collections. Some of these exhibitions are shown throughout Denmark.

Museum of Danish cartoons

Also, the " Museum of Danish cartoons" ( Museet for Dansk Bladtegning ) is an integral part of the library. It turns out acquisitions and journalistic drawings from the collections of the "Center for maps and images " in the same house. On 7 October 2000, the Museum of Queen Margarethe II was inaugurated.

Denmark's Book Museum

In Danmarks Bogmuseum ( " Denmark's Book Museum " ) both Danish and foreign books of historical importance and museum are kept, which originate from the holdings of the Royal Library. The oldest part of the collection goes back to the mid-17th century, when the founder of the library, Friedrich III. a whole range of private libraries acquired.

Fisken

On the northern side leans on the cube a two-storey wing to which ( " The Fish " ) is named because of its elongated shape Fisken. The gray building was constructed in 1997, opened two years before the " Black Diamond ", and is home to the "Center for Women's Studies " ( Center for Kvindeforskning, short KVINFO ), the " Danish Collection of Folklore " ( Dansk Folkemindessamling ) as well as the " Danish language - Literature and society " (Det Danske Sprog -og Litteraturselskab ).

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