Bose gas

An ideal Bose gas is a quantum mechanical version of the classical ideal gas. So it is a gas free, non- interacting bosons. Bosons are particles with integer spin, follow the Bose -Einstein statistics. 264:229

The statistical mechanics of bosons was developed by Satyendra Nath Bose for photons. Next Designed for massive particles, it was Albert Einstein who realized that an ideal gas of bosons has a phase transition and would condense to form a Bose -Einstein condensate, when the temperature drops below a certain critical value. This is not the case for a traditional ideal gas.

Applications

The lambda transition of helium 4He superfluid helium II to has some parallels to the Bose -Einstein condensation on: 340, whereas liquid 3He can be modeled as ideal Fermi gas.