Botiidae
Loach ( Chromobotia macracanthus )
Loaches ( Botiidae ) are bottom dwelling freshwater fish from the order of carp -like ( Cypriniformes ). All loaches live in South and East Asia from India to China and Japan, as well as in Sumatra, Java and Kalimantan. Some species are popular aquarium fish.
Features
There are barbe similar, small to medium sized, elongated fish that are often colored colorful. In contrast to the Steinbeißern ( Cobitidae ), her body is flattened laterally. They have two pairs Rostralbarteln. The lateral line on the head is conspicuous, forked tail fin deeply. In a in a skin bag under each eye each is a thorn that can be expanded by muscle movements forward and locked with a bone joint. The mouth is inferior. The Pharyngealia is occupied by a row of teeth. Will clown loaches depending on the type 7,8 cm to half a meter long.
Outer systematics
The loaches were out for a long time as a family Botiinae within the loach. Lately, they will be charged based on molecular genetic investigations, as sister group of the clade of common Vaillantellidae, Steinbeißern, fins suckers ( Balitoridae ), Ellopostomatidae and Bachschmerlen ( Nemacheilidae ) into its own family.
The systematic position illustrated by the following cladogram (after Bohlen & Šlechtová, 2009 and Chen et al, 2009. )
? Redhorse ( Catostomidae )
? Redhorse ( Catostomidae )
Sucking loaches ( Gyrinocheilidae )
Loaches ( Botiidae )
Langflossenschmerlen ( Vaillantellidae )
Loach loach or sensu stricto ( Cobitidae )
Fins suckers ( Balitoridae )
" Störmäuler " ( Ellopostomatidae )
Bachschmerlen ( Nemacheilidae )
Carp fish ( Cyprinoidea )
Inside systematics
The investigation of both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA supports the monophyly of the family. Have been described in seven genera and two tribes so far nearly 50 species.
- Loaches ( Botiidae ) Tribus Botiini Ambastaia Kottelat, 2012 Black stripe loach, Ambastaia nigrolineata ( Kottelat & Chu, 1987)
- Zwergschmerle, Ambastaia sidthimunki ( Klausewitz, 1959)
- Netzschmerle, Botia almorhae Gray, 1831st
- Botia birdi Chaudhuri, 1909.
- Green Bänderschmerle, Botia dario (Hamilton, 1822).
- Botia dayi Hora, 1932.
- Botia histrionica Blyth, 1860.
- Botia javedi Mirza & Syed, 1995.
- Burma - loach, Botia kubotai Kottelat, 2004.
- Botia macrolineata Teugels, De Vos & Snoeks, 1986.
- Botia pulchripinnis Paysan, 1970
- Leiterschmerle, Botia rostrata Günther, 1868.
- Zebra loach, Botia striata Narayan Rao, 1920.
- Botia udomritthiruji Ng, 2007
- Loach, Chromobotia macracanthus, ( Bleeker, 1852)
- Sinibotia longiventralis (Yang and Chen, 1992)
- Sinibotia pulchra ( Wu, 1939)
- Sinibotia reevesae (Chang, 1944)
- Sinibotia robusta ( Wu, 1939)
- Sinibotia superciliaris ( Günther, 1892)
- Beaufort Loach, Syncrossus beauforti, (Smith, 1931)
- Syncrossus berdmorei Blyth, 1860
- Tiger Loach, Syncrossus helodes ( Sauvage, 1876)
- Syncrossus hymenophysa ( Bleeker, 1852)
- Syncrossus reversa ( Roberts, 1989)
- Yasuhikotakia caudipunctata ( Taki and Doi, 1995)
- Sonnenschmerle ( Yasuhikotakia eos ) ( Taki, 1972)
- Green loach, Yasuhikotakia lecontei ( Fowler, 1937)
- Yasuhikotakia longidorsalis ( Taki and Doi, 1995)
- Blue loach, Yasuhikotakia modesta ( Bleeker 1864)
- Horas Loach, Yasuhikotakia morleti ( Tirant, 1885)
- Yasuhikotakia pulchripinnis ( Paysan, 1970)
- Yasuhikotakia splendida ( Roberts, 1995)
- Leptobotia Bleeker, 1870 Leptobotia curta ( Temminck and Schlegel, 1846)
- Leptobotia elongata ( Bleeker, 1870)
- Leptobotia flavolineata Wang, 1981
- Leptobotia guilinensis Chen, 1980
- Leptobotia hengyangensis Huang and Zhang, 1986
- Leptobotia mantschurica Mountain, 1907
- Leptobotia microphthalma Fu and Ye, 1983
- Leptobotia orientalis Xu, Fang and Wang, 1981
- Leptobotia pellegrini Fang, 1936
- Leptobotia rubrilabris ( Dabry de Thiersant, 1872)
- Leptobotia taeniops ( Sauvage, 1878)
- Leptobotia tchangi Fang, 1936
- Leptobotia tientainensis ( Wu, 1930)
- Leptobotia zebra ( Wu, 1939)
- Parabotia banarescui ( Nalbant, 1965)
- Parabotia bimaculata Chen, 1980
- Parabotia brevirostris Zhu & Zhu, 2012
- Parabotia dubia Kottelat, 2001
- Parabotia fasciata Dabry de Thiersant, 1872
- Parabotia lijiangensis Chen, 1980
- Parabotia maculosa ( Wu, 1939)
- Parabotia parva Chen, 1980