Bottwar

The Bottwar at Prevorst

The Bottwar is a right tributary of the Murr in Baden- Württemberg. It rises in the Löwenstein mountains and flows towards the southwest. The Bottwartal forms the north-eastern corner of the district of Ludwigsburg, to a lesser extent it flows in the district of Heilbronn.

Name

It is believed that the name of the river from which the town Großbottwar is derived, which is mentioned in the year 779 as Boteburon and 873 as Bodibura. It was not until four centuries later, in 1260, the river was first mentioned in documents Botebor. About the origin of the name, there are two theories. One derives the name from the Celtic from and interprets it as a " settlement in the floodplain " or "swamp settlement ". The other derivation refers to the Germanic name Bodo and interprets it as " Houses of Bodo ". A similar river name, is assumed for the same derivation from the Celtic, the Slovak Bodva.

In a document of 1555 the river's name appears as Altbach. However, this name did not sit through, the city was instead later called Großbottwar, also to distinguish it from further downstream village Kleinbottwar, and the name was transferred to the river. The office is based in Großbottwar was still long called " Office Bottwar ".

A tributary of the Bottwar, which flows coming from winery Hausen Großbottwar, called Small Bottwar.

Course

The Bottwar produced some 300 meters west of the floor Berger hunting lodge on the municipal boundary between Beilstein in the north- west - on this site borders the forest Won Eselsbiß - and the lying south of Stockberg Gemeindeexklave of Lowenstein in the Southwest - from her borders on the Seizengehren - to about 477 m ü. NN. From here it flows in a deep valley to the south soon and enters the district of Supreme box after about a kilometer across.

After the first Bottwar flows past in a southwesterly direction on the Upper oil mill, oil mill at the next lower their runs from the left Brudertalbach from the south to Prevorsts. Here also occurs the K 2092 from the same direction into the valley, which is here called Prevorster valley until it steps forward Gronau from the forest, from left receives the Kurzach and then reaches the same Gronau. From here she now runs through open countryside. Behind the village opens from the right long Schmid creek, and at the beginning of the close following municipal municipal seat Supreme field with the Söhlbach again from the right quite a long inflow. All three tributaries are at the point of confluence or longer but not much shorter than the Bottwar itself

From Supreme box, the scenery has changed fundamentally. The Bottwar has reached the Neckar basin and then flows in a wide, through settlement and transport quite busy valley, whose slopes are the same as those of its side valleys strongly influenced by winegrowing, while the loess areas are used for agricultural near the river. On the right, the north-western side of the valley are located with Wunnenstein, Forstberg and quiver mountain three witnesses mountains of Löwenstein Mountains, mark on the left side of the valley Lichtenberg ( with the eponymous castle ), Harz Mountain Benning and the southwestern foothills of the mountain ranges.

Close behind Supreme field takes the Bottwar over to Großbottwarer area, right at the court and Lembach past Bottwar reached the city itself, in which they left passes through the north-east and then the subsequent Old Town Small Bottwar receives. The river has now launched two thirds of his way behind and flows south out of the city to the Steinheim an der Murr, where he first crossed Kleinbottwar. Here she starts with reaching the Muschelkalk still trying to deepen their valley a little, but soon reached on again south-westerly course Steinheim itself Here it passes through the old town center on the mouth of spur, runs a few hundred meters from an industrial area in straightened path and flows then nearly 18 km downstream of its origin to slightly below 194 m above sea level. NN as its last great tributary from the right in the Murr.

Catchment area

The catchment area of ​​Bottwar comprises about 80 km ², measured at it, it is the largest tributary of the Murr at length but it is surpassed by the book Bach.

Its catchment area is divided equally in the southwest of Löwenstein Mountains and the adjacent part of the eastern Neckar basin. In the north it extends approximately to the southern branch of the K 2097 from the current west to Etzlenswenden L 1116. The Trail of the county road follows the watershed quite close by Stockberg until after Prevorst and runs here between Kurzach and Nassach through to Charlotte Height to the Fuchsberg. Here it bends to the west to the north of Altersberg and then bends to the southwest one, crosses the gliding site on the open plateau and reaches over the saddle when Neuwirthaus at the crossing road of Supreme field after Unteraspach the peak of the Harz mountain. From here it's all about the Forsthof quite resistant southwest on to the mouth of Steinheim.

From there, the catchment area border will continue north, turn right at Höpfigheim passing up on the wooded hilltop of Kälblings, then east to a ledge above the Mundelsheimer highway interchange to the eastern Hummelberg and the Wunnenstein back. To the west of Beilstein and east of Helfenstein past the watershed now moves north to spur the castle Wildeck, against its direction east-northeast between Farnersberg and Etzlenswenden through to the road junction south of Lowenstein back.

In the north, it still includes Wildeck Castle and the "Seven hamlet " to Etzlenswenden continue its boundary is marked by the level road that runs past Stockberg and Prevorst, by the route towards Kurzach / Nassach and Fuchsbühl. Other striking watersheds are the Neuwirthaus on the road from Supreme field after Unteraspach and west of the Wunnenstein in the east. When winemakers Hausen (part of Großbottwar ) the catchment area extends a little beyond the A81.

Competitors outside the watershed are clockwise: the Schozach in the northwest and north; the Sulm very briefly in the north; the volume of the north to the east; Klopfer Bach, Bach desert, then some smaller tributaries of the Murr in the southeast; smaller streams to the river Neckar in the Southwest and love Steinerbach in the West.

At the level stone home, which is about a kilometer above the mouth, the Bottwar has a mean discharge of 0.7 m³ / s

Traffic

Larger roads do not lead by the Bottwartal; the Bottwartalbahn that once connected Marbach am Neckar with Heilbronn, was set in 1968 and converted their route in a bikeway.

Conservation

Up to the exit from the forest above Gronau is the Bottwar, in the Swabian -Franconian Forest. A source area right there in the carbon chamber is reported as areal natural monument. Thereafter, the flow shall, except in towns and apart from the short section between Gronau and Supreme field by various landscape protection areas.

In the waters of the river to Report 2004 Gronau as " lightly loaded " ( grade I-II) was rated " moderately polluted " below it as (class II ).