Broadcast spreader
A fertilizer spreader is a scatter device for metered and uniform application of granular fertilizer on agricultural land, such as fields or meadows. Fertilizer spreaders are built as add- machine, as a pendant or as a self-drive.
The drive is usually done via a power take-off ( PTO ) of the train or carrier vehicle, but there are also fertilizer spreader propelled by electric motors, hydraulic motors or floor drive through the wheels of the device.
Ausbringtechniken
For the distribution of fertilizer materials, different methods are used.
Spreader
The Spreader be further distinguished on the design of distributing members in pendant tube and disc spreader.
The most widely run as disc spreader, also Centrifugal is called, in which the distribution of the fertilizer by a disc-shaped centrifugal mill, similar to a road salt spreader to prevent ice formation on roads done. In the spin factory is horizontal or slightly inclined with 700 to 1000 rpm rotating disks on which throw bars are radially placed approximately. The falling approximately to the center of the rotating disc is captured by the litter manure bars accelerated and thrown by the resulting centrifugal forces. The spray pattern of a Scheibenstreuers similar to the extent that it is not moving, a circular ring sector, the casting distance is dependent on the rotational speed of the disc and the size of the fertilizer granules. It produces single- and double-plate Centrifugal Centrifugal. Two disc spreaders are equipped with a more accurate distribution of fertilizer, since any asymmetries of the image and throw the throw angle of the lenses is offset by the opposite directions of rotation. With Zweischeibenstreuern be working widths from 10 to 50 m can be achieved.
When oscillating tube spreaders, however, the fertilizer is distributed through a back-and- herschwenkendes tube, the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube spreader lose in agricultural practice, despite evenly balanced distribution more and more important, since the widths are limited to a maximum of 12 to 15 m.
Centrifugal spreader, in both modes of the amount of scattered fertilizers of the size of the inlet of the fertilizer container is adjusted to the application component out. This ensures a constant fertilizer feed is and there are no lumps in the tank, this is usually equipped with a stirring device. Wherein the centrifugal spreaders takes the dispersed amount of the fertilizer to the two edges of the spreading surface from out. For uniform sprinkling the entire surface so the connector trips are made to the individual spreads to cover a sub-plot. Due to the overlapping spreading areas at the same time there is the advantage that the connection must be made in motion and not particularly accurate.
Pneumatic or Exact spreader
Another embodiment of the fertilizer distribution is the pneumatic spreader, also called Exact spreader. Here, the fertilizer is metered into an air stream and blown out of the air flow via conduit to various of a linkage mounted on the working width of baffle plate. The impact on the plates of the fertilizer is widely spread. At present, the same Linkage working widths up to 36 m available. The Exact spreaders allow a very uniform distribution over the working width, but require accurate machine guidance and are quite sensitive to wind especially in the case of dust or small-grained fertilizers in spreading goodness.
Screw spreader
The worm spreaders the grit is conveyed through a over the working width ranging screw on adjustable openings at a snail's mantle carried the scattering. Since, however, decreases depending on the grit, the delivery of the screw to the edge of the working width out requires any changes to be distributed type of fertilizer consuming adjustment work on the scattering openings at a snail's mantle. But is advantageous to relatively low dust production during the spreading of powdery fertilizers such as agricultural lime or basic slag especially when under the scattered openings are mounted or trailing hoses.
Box fertilizer spreader
Box with a fertilizer spreader fertilizer distribution over the entire spread reaching hole rails and various upstream shaking or stirring units for tracking the scattering material have become meaningless in agricultural practice.
Requirements regarding distribution and metering
The units are designed so that a plant growing demand of nutrients can be achieved by appropriate adjustments. A distinction is made in the longitudinal direction (direction ) and the transverse direction and the pacing between the distribution. For optimal distribution, the spreading system to the desired working width ( between 10 and 50 m), depending on the flight characteristics of the fertilizer grain is set. In addition, the optimal amount of dosage must be adjusted to the flow properties of the fertilizer.
Manufacturer
Among others, the following companies develop and produce fertilizer spreader both for agriculture and for the winter service; Amazon, Bogballe, Kverneland, Bredal, smoke and Unia.