Brot-Dessous
Brot-Dessous is a municipality in the district of Boudry in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.
Geography
Brot-Dessous is located at 857 m above sea level. M., 15 km west-southwest of the capital of the canton of Neuchâtel (air line). The village is located on a ridge on the south side of Solmon, approximately 200 m above the Areuse, which here forms a deep gorge cut through the first Jura chain.
The area of 5.0 km ² large municipality area comprises the northern side of the valley of the Gorges de l'Areuse, which has created over the course of millions of years by erosion over a 600 m deep valley between the altitudes of Soliat ( with the rock cirque Creux du Van ) and Solmon. The southern border is the Areuse, with the Saut de bread, sometimes with a little shallow shores flows partly wildbach similar through the valley. To the north, the area extends up the steep slope, which is traversed in some places with rock walls, but mostly dense forest ( Forêt de Fretereules ) has. The northern boundary runs along the crest of the Solmon, on with 1'263 m above sea level. M. the highest point of Brot-Dessous is achieved. The western boundary is in the region of the constriction of the Clusette, which forms the entrance to the Val de Travers. From the municipality surface 1997 accounted for 5% on settlements, 81 % of forest and shrubs, 13% to agriculture and about 1% was unproductive land.
To Brot-Dessous include the hamlet Fretereules ( 844 m above sea level. M. ) and Champ -du -Moulin -Dessus (701 m above sea level. M. ) on the southern slope of Solmon which left the Areuse located houses of Champ -du -Moulin - Lingerie (617 m above sea level. M. ) and some individual farms. Neighboring communities of Brot-Dessous are Rochefort, Boudry, Val- de -Travers and bread -Plamboz.
Population
With 105 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Brot-Dessous is one of the smallest municipalities in the canton of Neuchâtel. Of the 90.5% inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 5.3 % and 2.1 % in English (as of 2000). The population of Brot-Dessous is to 1900 has risen to 343 inhabitants, and since then she has taken but by the strong migration by more than two-thirds.
Economy
The residents of Brot-Dessous lived a long time mainly from agriculture. Through the construction of a power plant and the hydroelectric power station at the Les Moyats Areuse the economic situation improved somewhat. From 1900 to 1935 limestone for the cement plant in Le Furcil ( Noiraigue ) was mined west of bread lingerie. Some of the working population commuters who work in the region of Neuchâtel.
Traffic
The community is conveniently comparatively quite well developed. It lies on the main road from Neuchatel to the Val de Travers and the border crossing from Les Verrières to Pontarlier in France. On July 25, 1860, the railway line was Auvernier - Les Verrières inaugurated a railway station in Champ -du -Moulin. The railway line passes through the transverse valley of the Areuse with numerous tunnels.
History
The place name Broch was first mentioned in the year 998 in the founding charter of the priory of Bevaix first time. It is probably due to the old French word broc ( rocky outcrop ). Brot-Dessous -Dessus bread made with the community bread that belonged in the Middle Ages to the rule Boudry. In the early 14th century it came to the County of Neuchâtel. Since 1648 Neuchâtel principality and 1707 was linked by personal union with the Kingdom of Prussia. 1806, the region was ceded to Napoleon I. and came in 1815 during the Congress of Vienna to the Swiss Confederation, the kings of Prussia until 1857 Neuchâtel trade also prince of Neuchâtel remained.
From 1524 to 1730 belonged to the municipality of Rochefort bread. From 1848 it belonged to the district of Boudry. 1888 solved the located in the Vallée des Ponts parts of the municipality of bread and closed with Plamboz the new municipality Bread Plamboz together. Brot-Dessous has since formed a separate municipality.
Attractions
In Brot-Dessous is a 1845 built chapel. The place belongs since 1861 to the parish of Rochefort.