Bryan Hopkin
Sir William Aylsham Bryan Hopkin (* December 7, 1914; † 10 October 2009) was a British economist.
Biography
Studies and government official
After education at Barry Grammar School and the St John 's College, he studied economics under Professor John Maynard Keynes at Cambridge University and later at Manchester University. After graduating, he joined in 1938 as an employee of the Ministry of Health in public service, but left this in 1941 when he joined the staff of the Statistical staff of Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
After the Second World War, he became a staff population of the Royal Commission ( Royal Commission on Population ), after employees in the secretariat of the Economic Cabinet Office and finally the Central Statistical Office (CSO ). 1952 he was appointed director of the National Institute for Social and Economic Research ( National Institute of Social and Economic Research ), before he briefly secretary of the Council for prices, productivity and income ( Council on Prices, Productivity and Incomes ) was then 1957.
In 1958 he came back when he was appointed as Deputy Director of the Economic Department of the Treasury (Treasury) in the Ministerialdienst. However, his career there took an early end when James Callaghan was Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1964. He then went as an employee for economic planning department of the then colony of Mauritius and after its independence in 1968 was followed by a use as Head of the Economic Planning Department in the Ministry of Overseas Development. In 1969 he was appointed there as Director General of the Department of Economic Affairs.
Economic crises and Keynesianism
Hopkin 1970 returns back to the Treasury, where he Deputy chief economic adviser to Chancellor of the Exchequer Iain Macleod has now. He held after the sudden death of Macleods in the same year, under his successor Anthony Barber this office. In 1972 he retired but again out of the Treasury of the Prime Minister by Edward Heath left the price of the free market policy for prices and income control.
In 1972 he accepted a call to the chair as professor of economics at Cardiff University. In the same year he was also chairman of an ad hoc committee on the future of the pound sterling; this committee formulated ultimately the key steps for the future independence of the British pound from the Exchange Rate Mechanism II
As Denis Healey in 1974 took over the office of the Chancellor of the Exchequer in the formed by the Labour Party government at the time an inflation rate of approximately 30 percent and an economic crisis because of the previous oil crisis, Hopkin was appointed by the latter to the Head of Economic Service of the government and the chief economic adviser to the Treasury. During the tenure there, until 1977, there was one of the hardest time the Treasury in the recent past. The Chancellor of the Exchequer tried to mediate between the government and the unions after the miners' strike had destroyed the payment policy of the previous government Heath.
In the sterling crisis from March to November 1976, the pound fell despite high standby loans of the other central banks to the " Bank of England " to 1.56 U.S. dollars. Despite great efforts of the Prime Minister had to take advantage and predict the fulfillment of the conditions UK aid from the IMF. While energy minister Tony Benn advocated the introduction of import controls, Hopkin stood beside Healey for cooperation with the IMF and the claim acquisition of its aid one. These different attitudes ultimately led to a split and serious crisis within the government of Prime Minister James Callaghan.
In 1977, he then returned as a professor of economics at Cardiff University. When it came in the following years under the 1979 ruling conservative government under Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher to a recession and a strong weakening of the British economy, Hopkin was one of the entschlossendsten enemies operated by Thatcher monetarism, as this as opposed to that of his represented demand-oriented Keynesian state. In October 1980, he stated that limiting the money supply will hit the economy harder than their extension. In March 1981, he belonged to the group of 364 economists who signed a statement on the direction of economic policy Thatcher ( Thatcherism ).
Hopkin insisted on its position that the economic reflation rather than deflation need and called in August 1981 together with the economists William Brian Reddaway and Marcus Miller for a cash injection of 6.8 billion pounds. The later Chancellor of the Exchequer and former financial secretary and third man of the Exchequer, Nigel Lawson, stated this:
Hopkin joined in 1982 though as Emeritus in retirement, but continued his criticism of monetarism to reduce inflation and urged "careful incentives " ( Cautious stimulated ).
For his services in the UK financial and economic policies, he was raised in 1961 Commander of the British Empire ( CBE) and in 1971 as a Knight Commander in the peerage.