Burgos
Burgos is the capital of the province of Burgos, autonomous community of Castile and Leon ( Castilla y León). It lies 856 m above sea level on the road to Santiago de Compostela. Burgos has a distinctly continental, dry climate. The winters are very cold and the summers hot.
Name
There are several versions about the origin of the place name Burgos. Most of them have the Latin Burgus, which was formed from the Greek Πύργος / pyrgos and has the meaning of tower, watchtower or Castle Hill. Other versions of the city name derived from the German borg, dt mountain down. Guadix adds with Arabic بورجوا / burgo (German House ) added a possible Arabic origin. Vegetius derives the name of bergus, burgus, which means small castle. Finally, the talk is of a castle, which was in later times become synonymous with the city, and its consequences. Similar etymology has also the name of the Bulgarian town of Burgas.
Mostly, the city was also called Burgas.
History
Burgos was founded in 850 as an important attachment in the fight against the Moors in the 11th century and went on to the coronation city of the kings of Castile, demonstrating their special meaning. From their neighborhood came the well-known Spanish hero of the 11th century, Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, known as El Cid, who is buried with his wife Jimena in the Cathedral of Burgos, which was charged by the UNESCO World Heritage Site. Besides this magnificent Gothic church building from the 13th to the 16th centuries and an interesting old city gate, especially the monastery of Las Huelgas is noteworthy that King Alfonso VIII of Castile in 1187 founded. In addition to numerous royal tombs are located there even conquered by the Moors banner from the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212, one of the decisive battles of the Reconquista.
During the Spanish Civil War Burgos was the base of General Franco's nationalist government.
A bomb attack on 29 July 2009, dozens of people were in front of a police station around 4 clock violated and surrounding houses were severely damaged. The attack was perpetrated with a prepared vehicle with explosives and the Eta is attributed.
Economy
Since the Middle Ages Burgos is an important economic center in northern Spain. In the twentieth century there was a strong industrialization, especially with the creation of large industrial areas in the 70s. Today Burgos is a predominantly industrial town, but the growing service sector has increased occupancy and development. In Burgos, some of the companies are located with the highest sales of Castile and Leon, Grupo Antolin about, Campofrío or San Miguel.
Between Burgos and Vitoria is the nuclear power plant of Santa María de Garoña.
Twinning
- Belgium Bruges (Belgium ), 2007
Gastronomy
Burgos is known for the blood sausage morcilla de Burgos, which is made from blood, fat and rice.
Personalities
- Abner of Burgos (1270-1347), physician and philosopher
- Pedro de Lerma (* around 1461 in Burgos, † 1541 in Paris), theologian and first Chancellor of the University of Alcalá
- Francisco de Vitoria OP ( * around 1483 in Burgos, Spain, † August 12, 1546 in Salamanca), founder of the School of Salamanca.
- Francisco de Enzinas (* 1518 in Burgos, † 1552 in Strasbourg ), humanist
- Diego de Enzinas (* 1520 in Burgos, † 1547 in Rome), Protestant
- Julián Oñate (1840-1899), painter
- Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos ( born 1933), conductor
- Beatriz Preciado (born 1970 in Burgos), philosopher and queer theorist
- Francisco Javier Abad ( born 1981 ), middle-distance runner
- Juan Mata ( * 1988 in Burgos), professional football player
Pictures
Arco de Santa María
Cathedral of Burgos
Monasterio de Las Huelgas
Río Bulevar Burgos, Burgos