Cape Adare
The Cape Adare is a largely ice-free promontory on the north-eastern end of the Victoria Land in East Antarctica. It separates the Ross Sea to the east from the rest of the Southern Ocean in the west. Behind the Cape, the Admiralty Mountains rise. Cape Adare is of volcanic origin, the rock consists of dark basalt. 480 km northeast of Cape Adare is the Scott Island.
The Cape Adare is a standing under the supervision of the Commonwealth reserve on the basis of the "Antarctic ( Amendment) Regulations " of 2000, which adopted under the Antarctic Treaty ( In particular protected area of Antarctica ASPA 159: Cape Adare, Historic site and monument HSM -22: hut at Cape Adare ).
Discovery and Exploration
Cape Adare was an important Anlandungsplatz and important base camp in the early Antarctic expeditions. The British Captain James Clark Ross discovered the Cape in January 1841 and named it after his friend, Viscount Adare ( a Member of Parliament for Glamorganshire, also a friend of Daniel Dunglas Home).
In January 1895, the Norwegian explorer Henryk Bull and Carsten Egeberg Borchgrevink landed at Cape Adare to collect rock samples.
Borchgrevink returned in 1899 returned as head of the Southern Cross expedition with the ship Southern Cross, and built in the Robertson Bay at Cape Adare two cottages away ( a 5 x 5 meters large wooden hut as accommodation, as well as a storage shed ) and 200 meters a tent that was used as a weather observatory. This Camp Riley were the first human buildings on the Antarctic continent. The ten members of the expedition wintered there. The only 28 -year-old zoologist Nicolai Hanson died and was buried at the Cape. It was the first funeral on the continent, the grave had to be blasted into the rock with dynamite. Also a large part of the 75 carried Huskies came around, either by deficiency diseases or perhaps because they were used by the expedition members as food, which was not uncommon at the time. The expedition was recorded in January 1900 again from the Southern Cross. The cabins ( Historical sites and monuments HSM -22) are now obtained by the New Zealand Antarctic Heritage Trust, they were restored in 1990. Also the grave of Hanson, including grave Cross ( Historical sites and monuments HSM -23) still exists. The existing artifacts, however, were spent for conservation reasons to New Zealand. ( Area of Camp Riley: 71 ° 18 '0 "S, 170 ° 9' 0" E - 71.3170.15 )
Members of the Northern Group of Robert Falcon Scott's Terra Nova expedition wintered at Cape Adare 1911 and 1912. They also built a hut, but this is now in ruins.
The closest research station recently was operated jointly by New Zealand and the United States, Cape Hallett Station, 63 miles ( 101 km ) south. It was used from 1957 to 1973.
Today many cruises make a stop in front of the Cape Adare and visit the Expeditionsüberbleibsel.
Ecology
In Cape Adare is the world's largest breeding colony of Adelie penguins ( over 250,000 breeding pairs ). Studies of penguin bones deposited there by radiocarbon method resulted partly an age of up to 38,000 years, the oldest ever found penguin colony remains.
More events
The giant iceberg B- 15, which broke off in Antarctica from the Ross Ice Shelf in 2000, ran in October 2005 at Cape Adare on ground and broke into pieces.
In February 2007, wrecked by a large fire erupted below deck the Japanese whaling factory ship Nisshin Maru in the Ross Sea about 100 nautical miles off Cape Adare.