Carex paniculata
Panicles sedge ( Carex paniculata ), typical Bult
The panicles sedge ( Carex paniculata ) is a plant from the family of Sedge family ( Cyperaceae ). This Großsegge forms of swampy - wet sites large and stately clumps ( Bulte or Bülte ). The specific epithet is the Latin origin of paniculatus, a, um = paniculate and takes on the paniculate inflorescence reference.
Distribution and location
The panicles sedge is found throughout Europe, but is absent in the far north. Furthermore, it is in Western Asia, widespread in Asia Minor and North Africa. It grows mainly in limestone areas of the plains and the mountainous areas at altitudes of 1750 meters above sea level.
It settles dispersed but socially in large sedge vineyards especially in sedimentation area moderately nutrient -rich to nutrient-rich ( meso-to eutrophic ) Still waters, at the source, in trenches and in alder swamps and lowland forests.
Subspecies and their distribution, hybrids
The following sub- types can be distinguished:
- Carex paniculata subsp. calderae ( A.Hansen ) Lewej. & Lobin; Canary Islands (Tenerife )
- Carex paniculata subsp. hansenii Lewej. & Lobin; Cape Verde Islands
- Carex paniculata subsp. lusitanica ( Willd.) Maire; west Mediterranean
- Carex paniculata subsp. paniculata; Europe, Western Asia (Caucasus ), North Africa (Morocco )
- Carex paniculata subsp. szovitsii ( V.I.Krecz. ) Ö.Nilsson; Crimea, northeastern Turkey, Western Caucasus
The panicles sedge forms with the angle - sedge ( Carex remota ), the hybrids Carex × boenninghauseniana. Furthermore bastards with the black-haired Sedge (C. appropinquata ) ( = C. × solstitialis ), the Hain- sedge (C. otrubae ), the gray sedge (C. canescens ), the wire sedge (C. diandra ) the Hedgehog sedge (C. echinata ), the rolling - sedge (C. elongata ) and the Fox - sedge (C. vulpina ) described.
Features
The panicles sedge is a deciduous, perennial, herbaceous plant. The Hemikryptophyt forms 30 to 150 centimeters in height and 1.5 meters in diameter measured, strong Bulte or clumps with a rich root system and very thick, dark brown roots. The quality basic axis grows somewhat storied. The 60 to 150 centimeters long, sharply - triangular, very rough stems grow slightly curved overhanging. The flat, gray-green, coarse and stiff leaves reach 3-6 mm wide and up to 20 decimetres in length. You are at the edges of cutting rough. The lowest leaf sheaths are light brown to almost black and wear a fiber tuft. The anterior vaginal walls of the upper leaf sheaths are derbhäutig, whitish and not so easy wrenching. The upper edge is bulged slightly downwards. The ligule is formed as a narrow, 2 to 5 millimeters wider hem. The vaginal orifice is circular.
The light brown, Rispige rarely eared inflorescence has numerous spikelets at most several centimeters long, spreading branches. The inflorescence reaches lengths of 5-10 centimeters. The upper spikelets of the same aged men sedge consist of male flowers; the lower of female florets. The husks are pointed, light brown and white margins. The light brown, projecting obliquely and shiny fruit hoses ( utriculi ) are 2.5 to 3 millimeters long. The fruit beak is bidentate. The ovary bears two scars. The fruit is yellow-brown. The main flowering of panicles Sedge extends from May to June. Sometimes the sedge blooms in April.
Ecology
The panicles sedge is a half - light to bright shade. Your ecological focus is on sickernassen, nitrogen-poor to moderate nitrogen-rich calcareous tuff and peat soils of temperate climate areas. She is the Kennart the plant community ( association ) of the Rispenseggen - Ried ( Caricetum Paniculatae ). Where it grows often together with the marsh sedge ( Carex acutiformis ), marsh bedstraw ( Galium palustre ) and shore - Wolf Trapp ( Lycopus europaeus).
Pollination of flowers carried by the wind. To spread the diasporas serve the water, wind, Velcro and self- propagation.