Cargo

Freight is paid, the contract for the agreed freight in the transportation of goods receives a carrier ( used synonymously - but legally not quite correct - Tags: freight, freight pay ).

In the retail pricing, the freight is an item of reference costs, which may include but additionally the cartage (House Bill ), any handling cost and fees, and other charges related to the transportation -related adverse costs or customs duties.

Colloquially, the term "Cargo " is often used as a synonym for the material to be transported, even ( legally correct: freight ), and the charge used.

Contractual and statutory regulations

Legally the freight business in Germany is in the Commercial Code, regulated in § § 407-452 there HGB. Under a contract of carriage, the carrier undertakes against the sender to transport the cargo to the agreed destination and there deliver to the designated recipient. The sender, however, arises from this contract the obligation to pay upon delivery of the agreed freight.

Following the principle of " commercial debt are Holschulden " committed a contract of sale the seller merely to provide the goods at the place. For further transport and the assumption of the costs the buyer is responsible, unless otherwise denominated agreed in the purchase contract. Often, however, it is customary to regulate the acquisition of transport costs in the purchase contract, for example by establishing delivery. It should be noted, however, that such delivery only the payment of freight and other transport-related costs regulates, but does not regulate any liability in damages or payment of insurance costs. For this reason it is advisable to agree a lNCOTERM clause always in a purchase contract. These are internationally standardized trade terms, which are mainly used in international commercial transactions, and regulate the respective cost and risk of transport transitions between seller and buyer clearly.

The place from which the buyer must assume the cost of freight is called " Quotation ". It can be fixed in the contract and need not necessarily correspond with the place is actually delivered by the. This can be, for example, of importance when a company delivers from several plants. If the receiving location not specified in the contract can be agreed on a " freight parity ". This is the place to which the seller accepts the cargo, even if it is actually delivered to a different place.

Packages freight ( Lumpsum )

While the amount of the fare to 1992 and regulated by the state in the long-distance freight tariff ( GFT) was regulated, the transport rates in the charter business by mutual agreement usually between the parties since the abolition of the mandatory GFT. When it is completed at a fixed total amount of the charge regardless of the weight or measure of space, one speaks of a lump freight ( partially here is also the English term " lumpsum " usual). Heavy goods are settled mostly by weight, light goods after the volume in cubic meters.

Calculation

In business accounting and in the calculation of prices input and output loads are distinguished. Incoming freight are the costs calculated by the supplier to the recipient. They are for the receiver part of the reference costs and also be considered in the evaluation of related goods. Outgoing freight transport costs incurred by the Company for delivery to the customer. They are included in shipping and are often not included in the calculation of the sale price, but reported separately.