Carl Harries

Carl Dietrich Harries ( * August 5, 1866 in Luckenwalde, † November 3, 1923 in Berlin) was a German chemist who researched mainly rubber and ozone.

Life

Carl Dietrich Harries began in 1886 with the study of zoology at Jena, then studied chemistry in Munich and Berlin and received his doctorate in 1890 with Ferdinand Tiemann. From 1892 he worked as an assistant for August Wilhelm von Hofmann and Emil Fischer at the Humboldt University in Berlin. After his habilitation in 1897, he was also a lecturer there. In 1899 he married his wife, Hertha, a subsidiary of Werner von Siemens. Harries wore from 1900 to the title of professor and headed a department in the Institute of Emil Fischer. From 1904 to 1916 Harries taught at the University of Kiel, succeeding Ludwig Claisen and wrote during this time numerous publications on ozonolysis. An important and detailed work of his appeared in 1905 in Liebigs Annalen der Chemie. In her spare time Harries and his wife sailed like, which is why they bought from the yacht Meteor 1910 Kaiser Wilhelm II III, with which they participated after renaming in North Star also at the Kieler Woche. Dissatisfied with the academic life that had denied him a target position at prestigious universities, Harries was still during the First World War (1916 ) research coordinator and a board member of Siemens & Halske. In November 1923, he died of cancer surgery. He was buried in the Erbbegräbnisstätte of the Siemens family on the West Stahnsdorf.

Work

The main research areas of Harries were the industrially important chemistry of polymers and rubber, as well as studies on the ozonolysis. Attempts to cleavage of rubber with the goal of structure determination led Harries since 1891 with nitrogen oxides and nitrous acid by. However, initial successes brought the use of ozone that accumulates at double bonds and after hydrolysis carboxylic acids, aldehydes and ketones results (1903 ). For the ozonolysis it could show the general applicability of the reaction of ozone with unsaturated organic compounds and to analyze for a variety of synthesis. For example, he proved on the formation of Triozonids the Kekule benzene formula. To a process for the recovery of fatty acids from lignite goes back to Harries. Because of its important works sometimes the name Harries ozonolysis used. Harries has described the analogous reaction with so-called Oxozon (also called " Hyper ozone " ) that accumulates with four oxygen atoms to alkenes. Perhaps the first presentation of the Tetra oxygen ( O4 ) it is so successful. An important contribution to the chemical methods is jointly developed by Harries and Emil Fischer in 1902 vacuum distillation.

Awards

For his services to him, the association of German Chemists awarded the Liebig Medal. The German Rubber Society awarded a medal named after him since 1933.

Writings

  • Werner Siemens and its position in chemistry, in: Science, 4th year / No. 50, Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg, 1916, pp. 788, ISSN 0028-1042
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