Carlota Joaquina of Spain
Joachime Charlotte ( Carlota Joaquina in Portuguese ) ( born April 25, 1775 in Aranjuez, † January 7, 1830 in Queluz ) was a princess of Spain and Queen of Portugal and Brazil.
Life
Charlotte Joachime, was born as the daughter of the Spanish king Charles IV and María Luisa of Bourbon, Princess of Parma. She was thus a sister of King Ferdinand VII of Spain.
1785 she married in Lisbon the Portuguese Prince Regent and later (from 1816) King John VI. With him she went from 1807 to 1821 while fleeing from Napoleon's troops to Rio de Janeiro.
When the Queen of Portugal in 1821 after 14 - year absence, looked back, she entered a country that had changed greatly since her departure. 1807, when she left Portugal, the country was an absolute monarchy. Napoleon's troops then brought revolutionary thought to Portugal, which fell particularly in the poorly paid and humiliated Portuguese army on fertile ground. 1820 began with a revolt in Porto, the Liberal revolution in Portugal. A Constituent Cortes was convened in 1821, the first constitution of the state adopted. Even in her home country of Spain there had been similar efforts in 1812, but these had been suppressed by a behalf of the Holy Alliance sent to Spain French army, absolutism was introduced in Spain back in 1823.
Similar wished the Queen, who had a ultra-conservative setting, also for Portugal. However, her husband, the King, had sworn an oath to the Constitution of 1821, and was not ready to break this. The Queen then allied himself with her younger son, Prince Michael ( the elder son and heir, Peter was left in Brazil, had in 1822 announced the independence and himself as Peter the Great proclaimed Emperor ). Michael told his mother the reactionary settings. Charlotte Joachime and Michael hoped also to the support of the Holy Alliance and the French army that would march from Spain to Portugal to establish absolutism also there again.
1824 led the Queen and Michael, who had been appointed by his father as commander of the Portuguese army, by their rebellion. The king was kept in his palace practically a prisoner, the queen tried to persuade her husband to abdicate in favor of his son Michael. John VI. However, freed itself with British help, fled on a British warship, relieved his son of command and eventually forced him to leave the country. The queen had to briefly go into exile. Charlotte Joachime later returned to Portugal, where he died, without playing again a crucial role in the politics of their country.
Progeny
With John VI. had the following children:
- Maria Theresa (1793-1874),
- Franz Anton Pio, fourth Prince of Beira
- Maria Elisabeth ( Isabel ) ( 1797-1818 ) ∞ 1816 Ferdinand VII King of Spain
- Peter IV (1798-1834) King of Portugal, Emperor of Brazil
- Mary Frances (1800-1834) ∞ 1816 Carlos (v. ) ( 1788-1855 ), claimant to the throne of Spain
- Maria Isabella of Portugal (1801-1876) Regent of Portugal
- Michael I. (1802-1866) King of Portugal ∞ 1851 Adelaide of Löwenstein -Wertheim -Rosenberg ( 1831-1909 )
- Maria Assunção (1805-1834)
- Anna because Jesus (1806-1857) ∞ 1827 Nuno José Severo de Mendoca Rolim de Moura Barreto, Duke of Loulé ( 1804-1875 )