Catocala electa
Weidenkarmin ( Catocala electa )
The Weidenkarmin ( Catocala electa ) is a butterfly (moth ) from the family of cutworms ( Noctuidae ).
- 6.1 Notes and references
- 6.2 Literature
Features
The moths reach a wingspan of 72-76 millimeters. The top of the forewing is gray with a slight brownish mop and a Überstäubung of individual dark brown scales. The drawing consists of a sloping, black -rimmed inner transverse line bends back sharply on the dorsum and a highly jagged, irregular outer transverse line. This is characterized by two strong teeth, which originate from the disk. The kidneys blemish is remarkably small, brown and black border. It is connected to the front edge by two diverging lines. The dark interneuralen Saumflecke are distally limited by bright spots. The hind wings are colored red with a wide, black and clear bent median binding that does not, however, extends to the posterior margin of the wing as well as a very wide black binding in Saumfeld. The latter contrasts sharply with the white fringe. The underside of the forewing is white with three gray black bands in the region of the inner transverse line, the outer transverse line and in the area of Saumfeldes. The fringes are white. The underside of the hind wing is white with a slight reddish dorsal area. The mean transverse line runs in an irregular thickness, the outer binding is almost regularly. The fringes are white again. However, color and markings of the wings are somewhat variable and lead to some aberrations. The ab. nigra has dark brown forewings that from. lugdunensis has yellow-colored hind wings and the on. excellens completely dark hind wings. The black bands stand out only by a more intense black of the base color; The red color was replaced by a black.
The egg is gray-green with two red napkins; the upper binding extends even into the Mikropylzone. It is flattened at the bottom and hemispherical. The surface is covered by 40 strong longitudinal ribs, of which about 20 reach the Mikropylzone.
The caterpillars are 55 to 65 mm long. They are dark yellow or gray; they are covered with fine black dots and yellow dot with warts. On the 8th segment sits a lens-shaped, yellow-colored, at the base of black -rimmed collection, presented at the 11th segment two pointed projections. The head is light brown with darker markings, reddish brown front.
The doll has a slender habitus. The cremaster is blunt, looks a bit wrinkled, and is staffed with curved hook bristles. It is typically frosted blue.
Similar Species
- Small Eichenkarmin ( Catocala promissa ) ( Dennis & Schiffermueller, 1775)
- Large Eichenkarmin ( Catocala sponsa ) ( Vieweg, 1790)
- Red Underwing (Catocala nupta ) (Linnaeus, 1767)
Geographical distribution and habitat
The distribution area extends from South, Central and Eastern Europe, Western Siberia to the Russian Far East, Korea, Northern China and Japan. You're lacking in many regions in the extreme south of Europe and the Mediterranean islands. You lack ( except for rare immigrants ) in northern Russia, Scandinavia, and probably also in the British Isles. The moths migrate; therefore moths are frequently encountered even in areas (eg Scandinavia) found where they are not native. The area boundaries are therefore often difficult to determine. In the Alps you will find the way up to 1400 meters altitude. The frequency falls within the individual areas from very different.
The species prefers to live in flood plains, river valleys, shores flowing waters with dense vegetation and humid gardens and parks where willows grow. Consequently, one finds the Weidenkarmin to wetter places than the red ribbon.
Way of life
The Weidenkarmin is univoltine; that is, is only one generation a year. The moths fly from mid-July to late September. The flight time is in the mountains but shorter than in the lower and warmer areas. The moths are nocturnal, coming to the bait, but rarely to artificial light sources. The caterpillars can be found in May and June. The caterpillars feed mainly on the leaves of narrow-leaved willow, as pollard willows, purple willow ( Salix purpurea) and crack willow (Salix fragilis ), and subordinate to the leaves of poplar (Populus ). The movements of the young caterpillars are more likely to describe it as like a spanner.
Hibernation takes place in the egg stage.
Threats and conservation
The Weidenkarmin applicable in Germany as endangered. However, is or was the type most likely only in a few states ( Bavaria, Baden- Württemberg, Brandenburg, Rhineland -Palatinate and Saxony ) at all down to earth. In Brandenburg, the species is considered extinct.
Taxonomy
Goater et al. (2003) recognize two subspecies:
- Catocala electa electa that Nominatunterart, in the Western Palearctic
- Catocala electa Zalmunna Butler, 1877, Far East ( Russian Far East, northern China, Korea, Japan)