Cefalexin
- IUPAC: (6R, 7R ) -7 - [(R )-2- amino-2- phenylacetamido ]-3- methyl-8 -oxo- 5 -thia -1 -azabicyclo [ 4.2.0] oct-2 -en- 2-carboxylic acid
- Latin: Cefalexinum
- Cephalexin
J01DB01
- β -lactam antibiotic
- The first -generation cephalosporin
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
White solid
326.8 ° C
4.5
Poorly in water (1.79 mg · l -1)
Risk
1495 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, oral)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Cefalexin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic belonging to the class of first generation cephalosporins.
Indication
Cefalexin is mainly used to treat infections of the urinary and genital organs, respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue of the ear, nose and throat area, the bones and joints as well as the teeth.
Action principle
Cephalexin effect on bacterial cells especially during their division by inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan septumspezifische. Thus, it inhibits enzymes which effect the formation of the new cell during cell division wall. Located in propagating pathogens which can cause damage and eventually killed.
The dominant elimination half -life in normal renal function is less than an hour. ( 0.9 h PHWZ )
Relationship between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
The effectiveness depends primarily on the length of time during which the drug levels above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC ) is the pathogen.
Application
Cefalexin is taken orally ( swallowed whole with liquid).
Side effects
It will be reported as possible side effects Hypersensitivity reactions and discomfort in the gastrointestinal area (diarrhea, vomiting, nausea ). As with all cephalosporins, there is a cross-resistance with penicillins. Cefalexin may falsely pretend positive results in the determination of sugar in the urine under certain circumstances. For this reason, methods recommended for urine glucose determination based on enzymatic glucose oxidase, for example reactions. Also can lead to false positive (on red blood test for detection of antibodies ) of the direct Coombs test. Furthermore, cefalexin may interfere with the determination of ketone bodies in the urine.
Trade names
Keflex (A), Ospexin (A), Sanaxin (A ) and generic (D, A)
Cefazid, Cephacare, CefaDog (CH), Chassot - Cefaseptin, Rilexine, Therios, Ubrolexin suspension (combined with kanamycin )