Černá v Pošumaví

Cerna v Pošumaví ( German Schwarzbach ) is a municipality with 815 inhabitants ( 2006) in the Czech Republic. It is located seven kilometers south-east of Horni Plana in the Bohemian Forest and belongs to Okres Český Krumlov. The land area is 5039 ha

Geography

The place is located in 728 m N.M. both sides of the Černý Potok ( Schwarzenbach ) on the eastern shore of the Lipno reservoir at the entrance to the Olšina Bay. Northwest leads the bridge of State Road 39 from Hořice na Šumavě to Horni Plana over the bay, at the opposite bank, the station Cerna v Pošumaví the track Český Krumlov - is Volary. Cerna v Pošumaví starting point of the state road 163 south towards nad Vltavou Frymburk leads. At Dolni Vltavice is in the summer months a ferry to the deserted village Kyselov on the western shore of the reservoir.

Neighboring towns are Mokrá in the northeast, Muckov in the east, in the southeast Plánička, Bližná can be reached in the southwest and Hurka and Žlábek in the northwest.

History

The first written mention of the village was carried out with March 27, 1268 under the name Na Tscherne rece (Na černé rece / black On Bach) in a Latin deed of gift of Hirz of Klingenberg to the monastery Golden Crown. Hirz came from the Rhineland and is referred to as Czech Hrz ze Zvíkova. He was Viscount of Klingenberg and died on 13 March 1275th

The place was subordinate to the farmyard of the monastery in Golden Crown Mugrau ( Mokrá ). After the destruction of the monastery by the Hussites in 1420 appropriated Ulrich II von Rosenberg, the place and verleibte him a reign of Cesky Krumlov. Seat of the lower court was Unterwuldau ( Dolni Vltavice ). In 1445 land register is Szwarczpach. In consequence, the name of the place Czerna occurs; from 1502 (until 1945) but only Schwarzenbach in a variety of notations. Since 1510 Schwarzenbach had a judge and in 1585 was given the place a peculiar lower jurisdiction. In the village a castle and built in 1568 by Jacob Krcin Jelčany was next to the castle brewery and the mill. By Schwarzenbach led an ancient trade route that Krumlov and Passau with Aigen Association.

In the second half of the 18th century was discovered near Schwarzenbach and offices ( Hurka ) graphite bearing. The inhabitants dug for the black mineral, to use it as a lubricant or blackening. 1767, the Schwarzenbacher graphite in Prague was known and a little later in Vienna and the neighboring Bavaria. Due to the increased interest and expanded uses, after Joseph Hardtmuth had in 1790 developed a process for the production of pencil leads of graphite, in 1811 the mineral was placed under the mountain shelf and Joseph Prince of Schwarzenberg unsuspected the graphite bearing in his rule and began the following year with the mining degradation. Purchasers of the raw material was Hardtmuth, whose company moved its headquarters from Vienna to Budweis and became world famous with the brand Koh -i-Noor Hardtmuth. Also in the nearby Golden Crown pencils are made of graphite of Schwarzenbach and offices. In addition, the graphite works exported the mineral in many countries. 1841 lived 341 inhabitants in Schwarzenbach. Until the replacement of patrimonial Schwarzenbach remained the rule Krummau humbly and in 1850 an independent village. On graphite mine on the right side of the station Olschbaches Schwarzenbach parlors arose. More pits were located at Eggetschlag ( Bližná can be reached ) and Mugrau ( Mokrá ). Around 1870, the graphite mining in the area employed about 1,000 miners. After a fall in prices, the graphite mining was terminated and dissolved in 1942, Schwarzenberg mining operations from 1930. After the nationalization of the mining industry in 1948 was the resumption of the pit " Václav " establishment in Bližná. The mining of Cerna and Hurka has not been resumed. By 1952 begun dams on the Vltava River and the Valley of the Olšina ( Olschbach ) was established in 1959 flooded. Cerna, the largest body of water by then the little brook Černý Potok ( Schwarzenbach ) was that led northwest of the village in the Olšina, transformed since then into a resort that occurred to the campsites and accommodations.

Today is the place Cerna v Posumavi, which is at the widest point with ten kilometers of Lipnostausees, a water sports center of the lake.

Demographics

Community structure

The municipality Cerna v Pošumaví include the districts

• Bližná can be reached ( Eggetschlag )
• Dolni Vltavice ( Unterwuldau, 1918: Under Moldova )
• Mokrá ( Mugrau )
• Muckov ( Mutzgern ) and
• Plánička ( Planles )
• As well as the hamlets, single layered and holiday villages Bednáře ( Emmern ) Hostínova Lhota ( Hossenschlag ) Jámy ( coal mines ), Jestřábí ( Costanosellari ) Lesní Domky / also: Plánička - Lesní Domky ( Waldhauser ) Radslav ( Rath beat), Rybáře (fish bakers ) and Slavkovice ( flapping ).
• In the municipality is also located on the southwestern shore of Lipnostausees near the Austrian border, the deserted villages Kyselov ( sarau ) and Kozi Stráň ( Geißleiten ).
• More abandoned places include Kramolín ( Gromling ).

Attractions

• Church of the Immaculate Conception, built in 1799 in place of a wooden previous building and remodeled 1901-1904 in neo-Romanesque style, with a tower
• Chapel in Dolni Vltavice
• Statue of St. John of Nepomuk

Nature

Large parts of the municipal area of Cerna v Pošumaví today are in the Sumava National Park and are characterized by a very diverse nature.