Champlitte

Champlitte is a commune in Haute -Saône in the Franche -Comté. It is the capital of the canton in the arrondissement of Vesoul Champlitte.

Geography

Champlitte situated at an altitude of 240 m above sea level, 20 km north-northwest of Gray and about 46 km northeast of the city of Dijon (air line). The town extends in the far west of the département, in the northwest of the plateau landscape Saônetals, on a ledge west of the salon.

The area of ​​128.90 km ² municipal area (and thus the largest municipality area of ​​the Haute- Saône ) includes a section in the region of the plateau northwest of the Saônetals. From northwest to southeast, the area is crossed by the Talniederung of the salon, which features numerous meanders and provides drainage to the Saône. The flood plain is on average 220 ​​m and has a maximum width of one kilometer. Is flanked on both sides of the valley usually relatively steep slopes (20 to 60 m high), which lead to the adjacent plateau. This reaches an average height of 280 m. The plateau consists of an alternation of calcareous and sandy- marly sediments of Middle Jurassic time. The plateau is divided by numerous depressions that open up to the valley of the salon. However, there are next to the salon on the territory no surface watercourses, because the rainwater seeps into the karst underground.

In the Talniederung and on the plateau dominates agricultural use, but there are larger areas of forest, particularly along the town limits. To the east extends the community area to the expanded forest area of ​​Bois de Groslières, in the south in the Forêt de Champlitte and to the west in the Forêt des Louches ( to 360 m). In the northern border are the plateau-like hills of Bois Lessus (371 m), the Coupe du Fayl, on the 379 meters is the highest point reached by Champlitte, and the Côte de Vau (377 m ).

The municipality consists of the following districts:

• Champlitte (240 m ) west on the plateau of the Salon
• Champlitte -la -Ville (225 m) at the northern edge of the valley of the Salon
• Margilley (260 m) on the plateau east of the Salon
• Neuvelle -lès- Champlitte (225 m) increased slightly south of the Salon
• Le Prélot (263 m) on the plateau north of the Forêt de Champlitte
• Piedmont ( 305 m) in a trough on the eastern edge of the Forêt des Louches
• Montarlot -lès- Champlitte (228 m) in the valley of the Salon
• LEFFOND (235 m) in the valley of the Salon
• Les Louches (313 m ) at the level of the Forêt des Louches
• Le Vergy (351 m) at the height west of the Forêt des Louches
• Montvaudon (362 m ) at the level between the valleys of the salon and Vingeanne
• Frettes (285 m) in a valley between Bois Lessus and La Côte de Vau
• La Voisine (281 m) in a valley south of the Bois Lessus

Neighboring communities of Champlitte are Coublanc, Grenant, Saulles, Belmont and Tornay in the north, Argillières, Pierrecourt and Courtesoult -et- Gatey in the east, Framont, Écuelle, Vars and Montigny -Mornay -Villeneuve -sur -Vingeanne in the south and Orain, Percey - le -Grand, Cusey and Choilley - Dardenay in the West.

History

The territory of Champlitte was settled very early. Here remains of Roman mosaics and coins and a coin hoard found in 1967 from the 3rd century. During the time of the Merovingians, this was where presumably a mint, bear witness to the further discovery of coins.

Is mentioned in a document Champlitte probably already in the Chronicle of Beza, in 645 of the corridor in fine Campolimicensi is mentioned. Over time, the spelling changed over Camplimptum, Canllinto, Calento, Canlenti, Chanlintum, Chanlinte, Chalintho, Chan Lite, Chanito and Champlito to today's spelling. The place name is formed from the drawing together of two words, of which the origin of Chan is not apparent, although linte (later litte ) from the Latin limes ( genitive: limitis ) derived in the sense of limit.

In the Middle Ages Champlitte belonged to the Free County of Burgundy and in the territory of the Bailliage d' amont. During the whole time Champlitte formed the center of an important rule. As first lord of Champlitte Girard de Fouvent is occupied in 990. His daughter was married to a gentleman of Vergy, the west of the salon had built his castle on the plateau. This castle, the rapidly developed the settlement Champlitte -le- Château, was located about one mile west of the original village church Champlitte -la -Ville.

After various owners, and divisions within the government by inheritances came Champlitte 1289 to Jean de Vergy who together bought the former territory and united again. Champlitte had established itself in the meantime as a castle town, which was looted and burned in 1475 by the soldiers under Pierre de Craon. At the request of Charles V, the town was rebuilt and surrounded by a moat and wall system with several towers. Even in the 15th century founded the Hospitallers in Champlitte a hospital, which was, however, resolved to an unknown time. In 1574 the rule Champlitte was elevated to county.

Was again affected the town in 1595 during the siege by Henri IV during the Thirty Years' War Champlitte was repeatedly besieged in 1636 and 1637 by Duke Bernhard of Saxe- Weimar and looted and burned in 1638 by the Duke of Angoulême. Together with the Franche -Comté came Champlitte with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678 definitively to France. Champlitte was the site of an Augustinian convent, a Capuchin monastery and in the 18th century a royal hospital.

Since 1800, there have been several territorial changes. In 1805 merged Champlitte ( the former champ Litte -le -Château ), and Le Prélot (1800: 258 inhabitants) to the municipality Champlitte -et -le- Prélot. A great fusion was made in 1972 when Champlitte -et -le- Prélot (1968: 1 383 inhabitants), Champlitte -la -Ville (1968: 75 inhabitants), LEFFOND (1968: 218 inhabitants), Margilley (1968: 152 inhabitants), Montarlot -lès- Champlitte (1968: 130 inhabitants) and Neuvelle -lès- Champlitte (1968: 137 inhabitants) were merged to the municipality Champlitte. These came in 1974 nor the community Frettes (1968: 209 inhabitants), which changed this from the department of Haute- Marne department in the Haute -Saône. Today Champlitte is a member of the 42 localities comprehensive community association Communauté de communes des Quatre Rivières.

Attractions

The church of Saint -Christophe in Champlitte -la-Ville is originally from the 11th century, was later modified several times and is now classified as a monument historique. The ship shows Romanesque style forms, while the façade ( 14th century), the portal and the choir room ( 14./16. Century ) are held in the Gothic style. For valuable Interior features include a baptismal font from the 12th century, the main altar from the 17th century, paintings and statues from the 17th and 18th centuries as well as various grave plates.

Champlitte has preserved its townscape in the style of a medieval town and has been awarded the label " Petite Cité Morbier of Character ". In the old town, numerous citizens and wine farmhouses dating from the 16th to the 18th century preserved. Also under the name of Saint -Christophe runs the Church of Champlitte, originally the chapel, extensively rebuilt in the 19th century, with statues from the 15th to 18th centuries. Obtain from the 15th century is the mighty bell tower. The building of the Augustinian monastery were built in the 17th century. In the Castle of Champlitte whose buildings were in the 16th and 18th century ( Renaissance facade) built, now the Department of History and Ethnography Museum is housed. Other important secular buildings in Champlitte are the Château Grillot, the houses on the market square and the Maison Espagnole ( Renaissance ). From the former fortification ruins and towers have been preserved. Champlitte is the location of other museums: the Musée des Arts et Techniques in 1900 and the Musée de la Vigne et des Pressoirs with wine presses from the 17th and 18th centuries in the orangery of the castle.

Numerous Calvaires are in Champlitte and in the surrounding villages. In Champlitte -la -Ville and the Prioratsgebäude ( 16th and 17th century) and the ruins of the Château- Tavannes be mentioned next to the church. The village church of LEFFOND was built in the 18th century. Neuvelle -lès- Champlitte also has former Prioratsgebäude ( 17th and 18th century) and the monument Petitjean at the cemetery. Former places of residence can be found in LEFFOND and Montarlot.

Population

With 1796 inhabitants (1 January 2011 ) is Champlitte to the large municipalities of the department of Haute- Saône. After the population had decreased significantly in the first half of the 20th century (1881 not 4781 people were on today's municipal area counted ) have been since the beginning of the 1990s only recorded relatively small fluctuations.

Economy and infrastructure

Champlitte has long been a town that was dominated by trade and commerce as well as the processing of agricultural products of the surrounding area. Today Champlitte is a small center that accepts central functions for the surrounding region. There are numerous companies of small and medium enterprises, mainly in the fields of surface treatment, metal processing, fine and precision engineering, food industry and building industry. There are also numerous shops and service companies for the daily needs. The village is the site of a College.

Champlitte is good transport links. It lies on the main road D67, which runs from Gray after Longeau- Percey. Further road links exist with Saint -Seine- sur -Vingeanne, Fayl -Billot, Framont and Coublanc.