Charles Bachman
Charles " Charlie" William Bachman ( born December 11, 1924 in Manhattan, Kansas ) is an American computer scientist. His creations include the network database model and one of the first database management systems, and for designing database diagrams widespread Bachman notation in the Entity -Relationship Model, and was involved in the creation of many standards in the area of databases and also network technology. He received the 1973 Turing Award for " his outstanding contribution to technology of databases." Bachman was an unusual Turing Award winners, because he did not spend his entire career in academia, but in the industry.
Biography
The son of the football coach Charles W. Bachman graduated from high school in East Lansing, Michigan, in 1943 prematurely, and did then the freshman year in mechanical engineering at Michigan State College in East Lansing in half a year before he volunteered for the army. From 1944 on, he spent two years with the U.S. Army Anti- Aircraft Artillery Corps in the Pacific theater, where he first came into contact with computers ( Fire Control for 90 -mm guns ). In Australia, he attended the Officer Candidate School after he had attended high school at the Reserve Officer Training Corps program. He then studied at Michigan State College (Bachelor 1948) and at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia (Master 1950). Since the post-graduate studies at the University of Pennsylvania was designed in the form of evening classes, he attended daytime parallel the Wharton School for an MBA whose last semester, however, he no longer races after reaching the Engineering Masters.
Following the study, he married the art historian Connie Hadley and began his career as an engineer at Dow Chemical in Midland, where some of his first projects was, however, the creation of a discounted cash flow approach and a type of management information system on punched cards base. In the meantime, he became deputy manager of a polystyrene factory of the company, changed in 1957 but as a manager in the newly formed Department Central Data Processing, and should therefore be responsible for the procurement and installation of the first large computer company. In this capacity, he also took a two-week programming course at Remington Rand UNIVAC on a 1103A. In May 1958, for the first time in job losses at Dow Chemical, and Bachman had to lay off ten of its 30 newly selected and trained as a programmer people. His appointment of an IBM 709 was withdrawn after the programmers have been trained for this machine, and a corresponding computer room in the new building of the Dow Chemical headquarters had been built. Bachman remained in the IBM user group SHARE active, especially in mitbegründetem of him Data Processing Committee, in its environment, he co-developed the file management and reporting program 9PAC.
In December 1960, Bachman Dow left and went to General Electric in New York City, where he first claims to integrated production control system MIACS ( later as GEICS - General Electric Integrated Control System or HMS - marketed commercially Honeywell Manufacturing System ) and as by-products of the first database management systems, also commercialized the IDS (Integrated data Store, the origin of the network database model ), and a work based on IDS operating system developed. In this context, he designed known also has its own form of the data structure diagrams, and later as Bachman notation. In 1964 he moved to the computer department of GE in Phoenix, Arizona, where he initially managed the IDS development and the creation of IDS training materials and later another database, information and operating system projects. He also supported the founded in 1965 CODASYL List Processing Task Group ( from 1967 Data Base Task Group ) based with standard specifications for COBOL DBMS on the IDS - language. Later, he was also vice president of the CODASYL Data Description Language Committee.
As the General Electric Computer Department was bought in 1970 by Honeywell, Bachman worked from then on for their research department in Waltham as Manager of Database Management Group. There Bachman was among other things the committee to create the ANSI SPARC standard works for database schemas, drove the development of the Distributed Systems Architecture for networks ahead and engaged in the OSI standardization committee as chairman of the American Subcommittee 16
In 1981, he was vice president of product management for Cullinane Database Systems (later Cullinet ), whose main product was the IDS development IDMS (Integrated Database Management System, originally developed by BF Goodrich). From the OSI committee he stepped out, he saw no economic interest Cullinanes on that work. Nevertheless Cullinanes needs and Bachman's skills were not to be reconciled, and so this was released after two years. The associated, which is designed as compensation consulting agreement possibility to use the Cullinane computer and software he used, however, to further develop data modeling tools. In April 1983, he founded with his wife, Bachman Information Systems (short BACHMAN ). Later, he hired his son Jonathan to develop graphical diagram design programs that were brought in 1986 along with other CASE tools with two million U.S. dollars foreign venture capital on PCs to market. The company was briefly also IBM Business Partner, but fell out with IBM, as should have been taken from there to great influence on the direction of BACHMAN. Bachman withdrew from the operational management largely back and focused again on the more technical side, by about his partnership set model, an evolution of the network database model revised. Bachman Information Systems, went public in 1990, ran into difficulties due to the low sales in financial difficulties and eventually merged with Cadre Technologies to Cayenne Software, which was purchased in 1998 by Sterling Software, which was in turn bought less than two years later by Computer Associates. Bachman even came back in 1997 as Chairman of the Board of Cayenne Software, was a freelance consultant for Constellar system, which specialized in integrating heterogeneous database systems, however, failed to project management failures.
Bachman withdrew first from the IT back and advised the local Episcopal church in financial matters. In Cbr Systems ( Cord Blood Registry ) but again he dealt with database design.
Bachman is known for its heated debates ( particularly in the SIGFIDET ACM Conference 1974) by Edgar F. Codd, who preferred the relational database model which proclaimed by Bachman network database model. He remained skeptical of the relational model, and especially its performance.