Chlorogenic acid
Colorless solid
Fixed
208-210 ° C
2.66 ( 27 ° C)
Soluble in hot water
4 g · kg -1 ( LDLO, rat, ip)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Chlorogenic acid is a natural substance found in many plants; chemical point of view it is an ester of caffeic acid with quinic acid as a component of alcoholic and is therefore one of the group of depsides. It is particularly known as an ingredient of coffee, but they can also be found in numerous plant genera such as Chrozophora, China bark trees ( cinchona ), Marsh, Baldrianen (Valeriana ), Greis herbs ( Senecio ) and locust herbs (Hypericum ) and in the silver fir (Abies alba ) in hawthorns (Crataegus ), in the artichoke, the purple coneflower (Echinacea ) in potatoes and in the stinging nettle.
Chlorogenic acid is responsible for, among other complaints with sensitive stomachs coffee drinkers, so the chlorogenic acid content is reduced by special roasting process. This is around 200 ° C more chlorogenic acid degraded by slow, about twenty minutes roasting at temperatures as through rapid, three -to five- minute roasting at temperatures from 400 to 600 ° C. 100 g of roasted coffee contains about 3.5 g of chlorogenic acid. Counter chlorogenic acid as the main cause of stomach irritation, however is the fact that there have been improvements stomach ulcers in animals and cause other chlorogensäurehaltige food no stomach discomfort.
Chlorogenic acid forms as polyphenol complexes. Their complexes with iron ( III) ions are colored black. This can lead to discoloration of corresponding chlorogensäurehaltigen vegetables such as cooking potatoes in pots made of iron. Is the desired effect in the production of foam cake. Its surface is colored green because the chlorogenic acid in coffee sprinkled reacts with the protein of the pavement. This green color in alkaline solution is probably the origin of the name of chlorogenic (Greek χλωρος chloros " light green ").
Biological effects
Chlorogenic acid showed in various studies effects on biological systems. It should be noted that this is indeed occupied by scientific studies effects are, however, these should not be construed as therapeutic effects. For this considerably more extensive studies would be necessary.
Chlorogenic acid is a known antioxidant and its isomers protect DNA from damage, an effect that was in the cell experiment even effective against damage caused by nuclear radiation. It slows down after a meal, the absorption of sugar into the blood. This supports the observation that chlorogenic acid showed an antidiabetic effect in animal models. In addition, a blood pressure lowering effect was found in healthy individuals. Chlorogenic acid inhibits platelet aggregation ( blood clotting). In animal studies at Swedish mice, a positive effect has been demonstrated in various gastric ulcer models. It could be shown that chlorogenic this is able to inhibit liver inflammation. In the cell model has been demonstrated that chlorogenic acid can trigger ( programmed cell death ) in cancer cells apoptosis.
It was also discovered that very high doses ( is about 10 times contain as much as in conventional food supplements) of chlorogenic acid can raise homocysteine levels in the blood. Homocysteine is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.