Chylomicron

Chylomicrons lipoprotein are 0.5-1.0 microns in diameter and a density of less than 1.000 g / ml, which are secreted by the small intestine via the lymph to the blood stream. Your lipid core containing mainly triacylglycerols and low in comparison amount of cholesterol esters. In the cholesterol - containing Phospholipidhülle Apolipoprotein B-48 is stored as Strukturapolipoprotein. Other apolipoproteins, which are partially transmitted at a later date on chylomicrons, are apolipoprotein E ( ApoE), apolipoprotein - C family and apolipoprotein A-IV. Chylomicrons are a factor in the onset and symptoms of food allergies.

The chylomicrons transport dietary fats absorbed in the intestine, bypassing the liver through the lymphatic system into the systemic circulation and have approximately the following composition:

Chylomicrons pass via lymphatics and the thoracic duct ( thoracic duct ) into the bloodstream. In the capillaries of the fat and muscle tissue lipoprotein lipase cleaves a large part of the triglycerides present in the chylomicrons. The released fatty acids are then absorbed into the surrounding fat and muscle cells and stored or consumed. The remaining particles in the bloodstream, which now have a greatly increased relative cholesterol content are referred to as chylomicron remnants (English remnant ). Of them, the apolipoprotein E overlaid in which finally provides the receptor -mediated uptake of chylomicron remnants in the liver (especially on the membrane receptor LRP1, to a lesser extent via the LDL receptor). If approximately ten hours No food, chylomicrons are no longer detectable.

Chylomicrons and food allergies

In a study of mice was the first time demonstrated that the inclusion of the dietary protein component, which is not digested, mainly happens via the chylomicron transport, especially if the food contains a lot of triglycerides. This is in peanuts, eggs and milk of the case, and it is the fact that have corresponding protein antigens emulsification properties, which have a high affinity for chylomicrons.

Detection methods

• Refrigerator test
• Lipid electrophoresis