Citation

A source is acknowledged, in a publication, the reference to an information source has been resorted to, such as a book or newspaper article.

General

The source is either directly on the object ( article, report, photo, drawing, quote) made ​​or given in a separate " source directory". Add audio or footage, the sources may be announced or displayed in the credits.

If one makes the source directly at the object, it is usually in parentheses. For example:

"(Source: xyz Book) " or "( source: ABC Magazine, issue x, page y) "

On the Internet, you can apply via the link source also. For example:

"(Source: http://example.com, date ) "

The sources all things can serve with information content, such as photos, newspaper articles, statistics, drawings, sound recordings, video recordings, newspapers, magazines, journals. In many works of historical content often witnesses are called. These are then filmed in their report or the sound recorded to have a source that you can prove. Even diaries and handmade sketches can serve as a historical source.

The quotes are a subset of the source data. Sources serve for the detection of all forms of expression, quotes are limited to spoken or printed text.

Depending on the modern licensing of the source is marked with the source may already be covered copyright protection (see some Creative Commons license ) if the author indicates special care.

In scientific reports and for school purposes, the source is mandatory in order to give other scientists, fellow students and classmates, and teachers the opportunity to sift through the material and thereby recognize the intrinsic value of the work.

In pure science often much depends on source data, for example, if two or more scientists to advise or discuss directly want ( Scientific Conference).

In the pure scholastic operating an indication of the source is necessary so that the teacher can compare the finished work with the sources and can thus see how well were used and worked out the sources.

In the study references are necessary so that you can understand his own thesis or dissertation itself later.

Another term is the bibliography, which avoids the mention of the word source, because some assume that " source " only a certain type of text says and is to be distinguished from the secondary literature.

Source in copyright

Many national codifications Copyright allow the use of quotes in the context of copyright limitations. The legality of this use foreign body of thought, however, is bound to the indication of the source.

Federal Republic of Germany

§ 63 of the Copyright Act provides that the source is clearly indicated. In general, the exact reference to the publication is required, including the specification of the chapter or page number in more extensive works.

Example of a source:

Quote: The concept of source encompasses any case the name of the author and in all cases, the title of the work or any other identifying name of this [ ... ]. The indication of the official publications [ ... ] is covered by it.

Source: Dietz in: Schricker, A. 2 Copyright, 1999, § 63 of the Copyright Act paragraph. 13f.

Austria

§ 57 of the Austrian Copyright Act contains detailed provisions relating to the source is acknowledged as German law, among other things: Will Make or parts of literary works according to § 46 duplicated, so they must be described as accurately in the byline that they are easily found in the used works can. In the explanations ( ErlRV ) states: When borrowings from extensive works must therefore be in the byline also the side of the section, chapter, or the act, where the borrowed office is located, are given ( Dillenz, materials to Austrian copyright law, 134, quoted by Dittrich S. 621 ).

The Austrian Supreme Court in 2002 took on the question of the source is acknowledged in the decision Riven rock position: According to § 57 para 4 of the Copyright Act, the omission of a source of justification by the force in the bona fide transport habits and customs requirements. In interpreting this provision, balance the interests of the author with those of the free use of a work entitled after understanding more loyal to the interests of the author with understanding against trespassing, cheap and fair-minded users ( Vinck ibid. § 63 Rz 2) is required and to be judged by whether the free users of works adjacent to the name of the author / publisher also the mention of the name of the translator of picked in a broadcast novel quotes is reasonable.