Cladonematidae
The Cladonematidae are a living exclusively in the sea family of hydroids ( Hydrozoa ) from the tribe of Cnidarians ( Cnidaria ). It is a small family with currently 21 species in four genera.
Features
The hydroid form colonies consisting of creeping stolons or an upright stems, to which the individual polyps sit. The hydranth are spindle-shaped with a ring of four to five capitaten tentacles. It may additionally contain a further wreath, be further from the distant, filiform tentacles mouth available that have sensory function. The Medusenknospen form singly or in small groups at the base of the hydranth.
The jellyfish can swim and / or move with the help of the tentacles on the substrate. The manubrium is cylindrical and may have perradiale bags, but can also be completely absent. The mouth has either short lips, which may be occupied with stinging cells, or he is busy with branched oral tentacles. The number of radial channels is variable, they open into the annular channel. The number corresponds usually, rarely exceeds the number of marginal tentacles. The marginal tentacles are hollow, with some capitaten branches, or with adhesiven branches. The gonads sit on the Subumbrella and surrounded the manubrium completely, or they sit in special brood pouches. At the tentacle base sit ocelli.
Geographical occurrence
The representatives of the family are found worldwide. Some species are native in the Mediterranean.
System
The Cladonematidae family has been divided by some authors into the actual Cladonematidae and Eleutheriidae. In more recent work, the two families are united. Currently, the following genera and species of the family includes:
- Cladonema Dujardin, 1843 Cladonema californicum Hyman, 1947
- Cladonema myersi W. J. Rees, 1949
- Cladonema pacificum Naumov, 1955
- Cladonema radiatum Dujardin, 1843 ( syn. C. mayeri Perkins 1906, C. novaezelandiae Ralph, 1953 and C. perkinsi Mayer, 1904)
- Cladonema uchidai Hirai, 1958
- Dendronema stylodendron Haeckel, 1879
- Eleutheria claparedei Hartlaub, 1889
- Eleutheria dichotoma Quatrefages, 1842
- Staurocladia acuminata ( Edmonson, 1930)
- Staurocladia alternata ( Edmonson, 1930)
- Staurocladia Bilateralis ( Edmonson, 1930)
- Staurocladia charcoti ( BEDOT, 1908)
- Staurocladia haswelli ( Briggs, 1920)
- Staurocladia hodgsoni ( Browne, 1910)
- Staurocladia kerguelensis ( Gilchrist, 1918)
- Staurocladia oahuensis ( Edmonson, 1930)
- Staurocladia port manni Brinckmann, 1964a
- Staurocladia schizogena Bouillon, 1978a
- Staurocladia ulvae Bouillon, 1978a
- Staurocladia vallentini ( Browne, 1902) ( syn. S. capensis ( Gilchrist, 1918) )
- Staurocladia welling toni Schuchert, 1996