Clopenthixol

• Cis, trans -2-[ 4 - [3 - (2- Chlorthioxanthen -9- ylidene ) propyl] piperazin-1 -yl ] ethanol (isomer mixture)
• (Z, E) -2 - [4 - [3 - (2- Chlorthioxanthen -9- ylidene ) propyl] piperazin-1 -yl ] ethanol (isomer mixture)

• 982-24-1 ( cis, trans- Clopenthixol )
• 633-59-0 ( cis, trans- Clopenthixol · dihydrochloride)
• 53772-83-1 (cis- Clopenthixol )
• 58045-23-1 (cis- Clopenthixol · dihydrochloride)

N05AF02

Antipsychotic

• 400.97 g.mol -1 ( cis, trans- Clopenthixol )
• 473.89 g · mol -1 ( cis, trans- Clopenthixol · dihydrochloride)

• 250-260 ° C ( cis, trans- Clopenthixol · dihydrochloride)
• 84-84 ° C (cis- Clopenthixol )
• 250-260 ° C (cis- Clopenthixol · dihydrochloride)

226 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, ip)

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Clopenthixol is a mixture of two isomeric polycyclic organic chemical compounds from the group of thioxanthenes. Prior to his withdrawal from the market in 2000 it was used as a drug, especially as neuroleptic in the treatment of psychoses. Clopenthixol is a dopamine and serotonin inhibitor. As part of a drug Clopenthixol was first brought in 1961 by Lundbeck under the name Sordinol in the trade.

Clinical information

Areas of application

Clopenthixol was used in the treatment of psychoses for the suppression of delusions, hallucinations and thought disorder. Furthermore Clopenthixol was used in psychomotor agitation and mania.

Therapeutic Significance

Clopenthixol is considered medium with a strong antipsychotic neuroleptic potency of about 2 to 3

Adverse effects

Some common adverse effects include extrapyramidal disorders ( akathisia, parkinsonism ). Furthermore, drowsiness, lowering the seizure threshold, dry mouth, accommodation disorders, low blood pressure when changing position, weight gain or cessation of menstruation may occur.

Pharmacology

Clopenthixol acts as an antagonist at dopamine D1 and D2 receptors and of serotonin receptors ( 5-HT2 ). In a weaker extent Clopenthixol also inhibits adrenergic receptors and acetylcholine receptors.

Clopenthixol is a mixture of isomers and consisting of a pharmacologically active cis isomer [ synonym: (Z)- Clopenthixol ] and the inactive trans-isomer [ synonym: (E)- Clopenthixol ]. The mixture of cis -and trans- Clopenthixol has about half the neuroleptic potency of cis- Clopenthixol, but acts to the same extent anti- psychotic, but it more sedating. The cis- Clopenthixol is also called zuclopenthixol and represents a stand-alone drug

History

Clopenthixol 1961 was brought by the Danish company Lundbeck under the name Sordinol on the market and sold in Germany under license by Bayer under the name Ciatyl. In the open scientific literature Clopenthixol was first mentioned in 1962. In 2000, Bayer Ciatyl has withdrawn from the market and by a preparation with the active cis-( Z)- isomer zuclopenthixol (trade name: Ciatyl -Z) replaced.