Coadjutor bishop
The term coadjutor (Latin for " assistance " ) is used in the following contexts:
- Coadjutor bishop of the Catholic Church, which is made another bishop to the side. In a similar way, the supportive Abbot Coadjutor of a reigning abbot.
- Coadjutor as counsel in the context of an ecclesiastical benefice
- Coadjutor as a designation of a class of the Jesuits
- Coadjutor as the official name for a parish assistants (Latin vicarius adiutor ), which performs the duties of a parish priest in his absence.
Coadjutor bishop
Situation under the CIC of 1917
After former position under Code of Canon Law (CIC ) there were two types of coadjutors, the still existing and simply as coadjutor designated " coadjutor with right of succession " ( coadiutor cum iure successionis ) and the rare coadiutor sedi datus who is not the professor, but virtually the respective ( ore) bishopric was added, had no right of succession, but it also in the event of a change in the person of professor heritage far kept his office.
An example of this is including the Patriarchaldiözese Lisbon, whose vicar general - after the merging of the former Archdiocese of Lisbon in the same patriarchy - always bore the title of Titularerzbischofs, and although traditionally usually the one Titularerzbischofs of Mitylene, which contradicts to the practice of the Holy See, to award a new Titularbischofssitz with a bishop change. Moreover, also the Archdiocese of Vienna may be mentioned that possessed by the existing after the Second World War special situation around Cardinal Theodor Innitzer in person by Coadjutor Archbishop Franz Jachym such a coadjutor sedi datus. Coadjutor Archbishop Franz Jachym remained until shortly before the new CIC in their particular situation.
Examples of coadjutor with right of succession were among others 1554 Gotthard Kettler, who was initially only Commander of the Teutonic Order in Dvinsk, 1558 also elected coadjutor of the Grand Master Johann Wilhelm von Furstenberg. In the early modern era the practice of succession during his lifetime was a bishop by the choice of a coadjutor with right of succession (ius / spes successionis ) widespread, for example, Cologne Elector - Archbishops of the House of Wittelsbach. On January 6, 1969 Joseph Hoffner was appointed coadjutor bishop of the Archdiocese of Cologne, to support the nearly blind Archbishop Joseph Cardinal Frings.
Situation under the CIC from 1983
In the Latin Church, the coadjutor according to Code of Canon Law can. 403 § 3 of the canon law appointed by the Holy See; other churches see other arrangements before (eg election by Diocesan Synod ). The coadjutor has, in contrast to Bishop, special powers and has the right of succession.
In the Roman Church, the diocesan bishop according to him. can. 406 § 2 to appoint as Vicar General. Should there be a see is vacant, the bishop's chair, so gem takes over. can. 409 § 1 of the Coadjutor Bishop the authority over the diocese, for which he was appointed.
The latest up to coadjutor in Germany was the later Archbishop of Hamburg, Ludwig Averkamp. In 1985, he was - then Auxiliary Bishop of Münster - appointed to assist Bishop Hermann Helmut Wittler to Osnabrück. In 1987, he succeeded him as Bishop of Osnabrück.