College dropout

Dropout refers to the early termination of a first degree, before obtaining an academic degree, by the students ( college dropout ), without a resumption of studies at a later date. As a former college dropout students are called, who have completed their undergraduate studies without a college degree ( study termination).

In Germany terminate according to recent studies about 21 percent of German students their studies without a degree. The rate at universities is somewhat lower (20 %) than at colleges (22 %). These figures apply only to the German presence colleges. Distance universities have a beyond dropout rate. After a HIS study from the year 2002, an average 25% of a cohort study currently break from their studies. In men, these are an average of 27 % among women 23%. At the universities, the dropout rate falls with an average of 26 % higher than at the colleges with 22%. Especially in the courses of study of the language and cultural studies, economics and computer science is recorded at the Universities of persistently high dropout rate. The rate here is often well above 30%. The situation is similar in the courses of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering. Decreasing dropout rates are on the contrary in the law and in pedagogy. Persistently low stopping there are in the medical and teacher training courses. Also at the colleges will take place over the average high drop in business administration, computer science and electrical engineering.

The lower tendency to study discontinuation in the colleges is partly due to the study conditions existing there. The stronger structure of the course allows for better orientation. Even the intensive practical relevance and shorter study periods are likely to consider a termination at a Fachhochschule contrary.

Dropout and social background

Students with low social origin represent only 12 % of university graduates, but 16% of college dropouts. Students with high social origin, representing some 37 % of university graduates, but only 31% of college dropouts. The authors of the study discontinuation study in 2002 Heublein / Spangenberg / Summer note in this regard that an influence of social origin is present on the study termination. Hereby confirm studies by Tino Bargel and the Austrian study discontinuation study of Franz Kolland.

The motivations for a study discontinuation appears to be dependent on social background. For editions of the low social group of origin disproportionate number of students that they had canceled due to financial and health reasons the study. Latter reason lead Heublein / Spangenberg / summer due to the fact that this group are as a result of their educational career in a particular Tension and requirements situation. No association, however, show between social origin and the withdrawal from the study for reasons of lack of academic achievements.

However, it must be distinguished between subjects. While in the fields of medicine and law, where anyway the proportion of students with low social background is very low, there is a much higher risk factor for dropping out for this group, this is in the subjects of Education and the colleges, particularly in engineering, not the case.

Causes a crash study

In a study of the BMBF on the causes of student drop-outs drop-outs following types in the specified distribution showed:

  • Early college dropout (share: 13%): Without professional reorientation students with false -choice, which often then begin another study.
  • Study with false ideas, which then orient students to a new career: Early college dropout with a vocational orientation (share: 27%).
  • Late college dropout with no occupational reorientation ( Percentage: 7%): Students, where there has been a problem of motivation only in the discussion of the study and frequently take what they have learned in a subject-related profession.
  • Late college dropout with a vocational orientation (share: 24%): Students, where there has been through the study of a distancing from the chosen subject and the change to a non-specialist activities.
  • College dropouts due to family reasons ( 9% share ): In this area, female students are disproportionately represented.
  • College dropouts (6 % share) because of failed tests: In this group provide professional requirements or exam nerves represents an insurmountable hurdle
  • College dropouts due to financial reasons (share 13 %): In this group the necessary time to cover financial obligations expenses are no longer compatible with a study.

Here, a dropout does not necessarily lead to a career slump, in part, the study is terminated due to early professional opportunities.

College dropout in the German Bundestag

According to calculations by the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (2013 ) are college dropouts distributed as follows descending to the political groups in the German Bundestag:

  • Alliance 90/The Greens: 8.8 percent
  • FDP: 7.5 percent
  • SPD: 6.8 percent
  • The Left: 5.3 percent
  • CDU / CSU: 3.6 percent

Overall, 5.6 percent of all members of the German Bundestag have dropped out of university.

Famous college dropouts

  • Volker Beck, politician, Member of Parliament ( Alliance 90/The Greens ), studied art history, history and German in Stuttgart
  • Henryk M. Broder, journalist and author, studied various subjects in Cologne
  • Reinhard Bütikofer, politicians, national chairman of Alliance 90/The Greens, studied history and Sinology in Heidelberg
  • Daniel Cohn- Bendit, politician, MEP ( Alliance 90/The Greens ), studied sociology in Paris
  • Katrin Göring- Eckardt, politician, Member of Parliament ( Alliance 90/The Greens ), studied Theology in Leipzig
  • Larry Ellison, founder and President ( CEO) of the U.S. software company Oracle, studied from 1962 at the University of Illinois in Champaign mathematics fell in 1964 by all final exams and left the university without a degree.
  • Roland Emmerich, director, studied at the Munich Academy for Television and Film, but went before the exam to Hollywood.
  • Ottfried Fischer, actor, began in Munich to study law, which he broke off.
  • Bill Gates broke in 1975 from his studies of mathematics at Harvard University to devote himself exclusively to his company Microsoft Corporation.
  • Herbert Grönemeyer, musician and actor, was 23 semester enrolled as a student of musicology and justice, without a degree.
  • Günther Jauch has broken both his law studies in Berlin as well as his studies in Politics and Modern History in Munich.
  • Steve Jobs, co-founder of the computer company Apple: abandoning his studies at Reed College, Oregon, after a semester.
  • Steve Wozniak, co-founder of the computer company Apple, held in 2006 at the Stanford College is a speech in which he both his own and the studies generally referred to as money and waste of time.
  • Wolfgang Joop, designer, studied advertising psychology in Brunswick, without a degree.
  • Oliver lime kiln, satirist and presenter, studied English, German and journalism in Münster. After eight semesters, he broke off.
  • Johannes B. Kerner, presenter and talk show host, began in 1984 in Berlin to study business administration and took a job in parallel in the sports department of the station SFB. In 1988, he took leave without completion of studies.
  • Friedrich Küpperbusch, television producer, finished studying journalism without a degree - the work of the WDR was attractive.
  • Hans Meiser, Moderator, studied in Stuttgart, German, History and Art History - without a degree.
  • Oswald Metzger, politician and journalist, studied law in Tübingen
  • Ulrich Meyer, Moderator, studied after high school and military service medicine in Cologne, was studying but whiz. In 1979 he began his training at the Cologne Rundschau.
  • Canceled Omid Nouri Pour, politician, Member of Parliament ( Alliance 90/The Greens ), various subjects
  • Kai plum, Host, chipped computer science in Magdeburg.
  • Jörg Pilawa, Presenter, suspended his medical studies in Hamburg after six semesters on the nail.
  • Michael Dell, founder of the world 's largest computer company Dell, the Texas entrepreneur broke his medical studies in 1984 against the wishes of his parents from.
  • Heinrich von Kleist, writers, burst in 1800 after three semesters at the Viadrina in Frankfurt an der Oder degree in mathematics and physics from.
  • Claudia Roth, politician, national chairman of Alliance 90/The Greens, studied theater in Munich
  • Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, studied psychology and computer science at Harvard and abandoned his studies in 2006.
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