Cotinus coggygria
Smoke Tree ( Cotinus coggygria )
The smoke tree ( Cotinus coggygria ), also Common Smoketree, Wig tree, Fisettholz or Färbersumach, taste, Venetian, called Hungarian or Tyrolean sumac, is a plant which belongs to the family of Sumac ( Anacardiaceae ).
Dissemination
Cotinus coggygria is in the Mediterranean region and southern Europe, southwest Asia, northwestern India, Nepal, Pakistan, and native to China. But they are also found in Asia Minor. It thrives in sunny, dry, stony or rocky slopes, where it prefers calcareous soils. In China, this kind thrives at altitudes 700-2400 m and in Nepal 1100-2400 meters.
Description
The deciduous shrub grows as a wig -saving -engined, broad and bushy shrub and can reach stature heights of 3 to 5 meters. The change-constant leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The thin petiole is 3.5cm long. Elliptical to obovate leaf blade has a length of 3-8 cm and a width of 2.5 to 6 cm. The leaf margin is smooth. There are six to eleven pairs of lateral nerves present. The leaves are green, for certain varieties ( see Figure ) also colored red and change color in the fall once more yellow-orange to scarlet.
The flowering period extends depending on the location from February to August. The paniculate inflorescences are hairy. The flower stalk is 7-10 mm long. The flowers have a diameter of about 3 mm. The hairless cup is 1.2 × 0.8 mm in size. The yellow petals are 2 to 2.5 × 1 mm in size. The stamens are about 1.5 mm long with ovate anthers, which are about the same length as the stamens. The fünflappige Diskus is purple - brown. Nearly spherical ovary has a diameter of about 0.5 mm. There are three free unequal pen available.
The hairless, kidney stone fruits have a length approximately 4.5 mm and a diameter of 2.5 mm. The fruits ripen from May to November. The fruit stalks elongate and have long, protruding, mostly purple hairs surrounding the fruit, this leads to the designation smoketree; the most decorative to the sumac is thus the fruit stand ( in Central Europe usually from September to October ).
System
The first publication of this kind took place in 1753 as Rhus cotinus by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 1, pp. 267 Under the name Cotinus coggygria it was in 1772 by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in Flora Carniolica, 2nd edition, 1, p 220 in the genus Cotinus asked Mill.
There are several varieties (selection):
- Cotinus coggygria var cinerea Engler
- Cotinus coggygria var glaucophylla C.Y.Wu
- Cotinus coggygria var pubescens Engler
Swell
- Tianlu Min & Anders Barfod: Anacardiaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 11, p 344: Cotinus coggygria - Online. (Section Description and dissemination )