Cystorchis
Cystorchis is a genus of the orchid family ( Orchidaceae). It consists of about 20 species of herbaceous plants that are native to tropical Asia.
Description
The species of the genus Cystorchis form a creeping, branched rhizome. There are some mykoheterotrophe species that do not form roots and no leaves. Otherwise, the leaves are broad - oval, the base is narrowed to a short petioles, leaf base comprises the tubular rung. The leaves are dark colored and sometimes drawn in color.
The inflorescence is a terminal raceme. The inflorescence axis can be hairy and is surrounded by several bracts. The inflorescence consists of numerous flowers that barely open. The bracts are at least as long as ovary and pedicel together. The ovary is twisted, sometimes he is hairy. The flowers are 'upside, the petals are not fused together. The dorsal sepal bulges like a hood over the flower; the lateral sepals adhere to the lip and are flared at the base, where they comprise the rounded, formed by the lip spur. The lateral petals are oblong, lanceolate to spatulate, cling to the upper petal. The lip forms a two - or three-piece spur at the base. This consists of two lateral curves, which are internally fitted with a respective nectar glands. In some species, is located in the middle, a third conical outgrowth. In the front part of the lip, the edges are beaten up and so form a tube, the outside there can be occupied with rough papillae. The column is short, often with front lateral appendages ( narrow " winged "). The stamen is zweikammrig, the pollinia are connected directly, without stalks with a viscid ( Viscidium ). The scar consists of two interconnected surfaces. The separation between scar tissue and stamen ( rostellum ) is triangular, vary in length depending on the type, cut flat after removing the adhesive wafer on top.
Occurrence
Cystorchis is native to tropical Southeast Asia. The genus colonized Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea and the Palau Islands. Cystorchis can be found from sea level to altitudes of 1500 meters. They grow in the humus layer of moist forests. The greatest diversity of species found on Borneo.
Systematics and botanical history
Cystorchis is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Goodyerinae. After Dressler can this be further subdivided into two groups; Cystorchis is in the larger group with a stigmatic surface.
The genus Cystorchis was erected in 1858 by Carl Ludwig Blume. The name comes from the Greek words kystis, "bubble", and orchis, " testicles " ( here: Orchid ), together; it refers to the characteristic spur. The type species is Cystorchis variegata.
Currently, 21 species are counted to Cystorchis:
- Cystorchis aberrans J.J.Sm.
- Cystorchis aphylla Ridl.
- Cystorchis appendiculata J.J.Sm.
- Cystorchis celebica Schltr.
- Cystorchis dentifera Schltr.
- Cystorchis gracilis ( Hook.f. ) Holttum
- Cystorchis javanica (Blume ) Blume
- Cystorchis luzonensis Ames
- Cystorchis macrophysa Schltr.
- Cystorchis marginata flower
- Cystorchis ogurae ( Tuyama ) Ormerod & P.J.Cribb
- Cystorchis orphnophilla Schltr.
- Cystorchis peliocaulos Schltr.
- Cystorchis ranaiensis J.J.Sm.
- Cystorchis rostellata J.J.Sm.
- Cystorchis saccosepala J.J.Sm.
- Cystorchis salmoneus J.J.Wood
- Cystorchis saprophytica J.J.Sm.
- Cystorchis stenoglossa Schltr.
- Cystorchis variegata flower
- Cystorchis versteegii J.J.Sm.