DDR-Liga
As DDR League or Football League, a short league from 1950 to 1990, the second highest league in the German Football Association of the DDR ( DFV) was called. She served as a foundation of the GDR Oberliga.
Quick Overview
The DDR -Liga was like the entire football game operating in the GDR subject to the checkered efforts to help the international class to the GDR football. In the 40 years of existence, the East German league was restructured six times, though mostly played with for two seasons, but also between them with one, three or five seasons. She was the bastion of the game strongest company sports teams (BSG ), while only a few exceptions in the league played mainly supported by the State within the Sports Promotion football clubs. Thus, the performance gap between league and league was quite large especially from the mid- 1960s. In contrast to the league were allowed to play up to 1984 foreigners in the GDR League. Reinforced, especially in the seventies by the SASK Elstal his loan Russian players who had Erstligaerfahrung part. The DFV - football decision from 1983 foreigners were allowed to come only in the third-class district leagues from 1984 are used.
1946-1950: Emergence
After the forced dissolution of the East German sports clubs for January 1, 1946 football competitions were first approved at the local level, so that cross-regional leagues were established only in 1949 by the Soviet Union in their zone of occupation. Since the Soviet occupation zone was initially divided after the Second World War in the five states of Brandenburg, Mecklenburg ( to 1947 Mecklenburg -Western Pomerania), Saxony, Saxony -Anhalt, Thuringia and the city of East Berlin, it offered itself accordingly, in staggered state leagues to play. This substructure appeared for 1949 also called into existence the German Oberliga Sports Committee ( DS) to be too large and cumbersome, which is why in 1950 the two-tier DDR -Liga created and the state leagues were so mediocre.
1950-1955: The early years
In the first season 1950/51 the league was originally include 16 teams, namely three from each of the five area countries, plus Union Oberschoeneweide. Only the addition of further clubs from Berlin made before the season starts, the expansion to 20 and the division required while Union now but was allowed to play in the big leagues. So was played in two seasons each with ten teams, the regional division no longer comprehensible is today ( 1951/52, played eg unit Schwerin in Season 1, VP Schwerin but in season 2). The master of the two squadrons went directly to Oberliga, the climber in the DDR -Liga were initially recruited from the masters of the country leagues. In July 1952, the GDR led by an administrative reform, and it created the districts of Rostock, Schwerin, Neubrandenburg, Magdeburg, Potsdam, Frankfurt / O., Erfurt, Halle, Leipzig, Dresden, Cottbus, Suhl, Gera and Karl- Marx-Stadt. Then the national league were abolished and district leagues. Since there with the district league champions of East Berlin were now 15 Master of the season 1952/53, but were still provided in the two East German leagues only six ascent courts, the district champion had in a promotion round. In three groups each met five champions in a single round without successive games, the first two of each group increased in the GDR league.
The number of East German league teams per season increased from the season 1951/52, twelve, and then to 13 (1952 /53) and 14 (1953 /54). From 1954/55 as was played in three seasons, each with 14 teams.
1955-1964: First and Second league game year change
After the 1954/1955 season, the three seasons of the GDR League were merged to form a new, comprehensive 14-team single-track I. DDR -Liga. Qualifies the teams had from Season 1 on positions 2 to 5, from the Season 2 those in positions 2-4 and out of Season 3, the first five teams. The winner Season 1 and 2 had risen in the league. The other teams came in the two regional squadrons of the newly created II DDR -Liga. Furthermore, in 1955 the Soviet model year, the game adapted to the calendar year, therefore, had to be held in autumn a second round without play and without promotion and relegation. On ascent mode the county league champions, however, did not change.
From the season 1958, the Division II drove fünfgleisig to reduce the high financial cost, which was created by the teams travel costs. After this change, the first three of the district leagues for Division II ascended were entitled respectively. To move up to the First League, the champion of the Second leagues fought back in a simple promotion round without playing. The first two teams qualified for the I League.
In 1961 it was decided to switch back season mode autumn / spring, so was played in the 1961/62 season in a three round with home and away games and an upstream round on neutral courts. From the season 1962/63 the I. League was held as the second highest league again in two seasons, ascended the front-runner in the league. After the 1962/63 season Division II was finally abolished and the district leagues back to the third-highest leagues. The two squadrons of the First League were increased with the beginning of season 1963/64, on each of 16 teams. All leaders of the Second leagues were allowed to ascend, the runner-up and district champion determined in a promotion round three I - League participants.
1964-1989: The late years
During the next years, the DDR -Liga remained of major changes spared, however, the 2 teams in the premier league teams for the East German league were from 1967/68 rose right, but could not ascend to the Oberliga. It formed so-called lift teams to district league out, such as the team of activist black pump with three ascents and descents 1964-1971. The final descent of this team was already sealed at the beginning of the 1970/71 season due to a disqualification because the players in pre-season to high salaries and bonuses were paid and the team had thus gives unfair advantages, according to DFV. Schwarze Pumpe was downgraded by two games in the GDR league in the District League and was declared relegated from the DDR -Liga. Do the same for the same reasons with steel ironworks city and chemistry Wolfen.
Other teams rose in 1971 not from the DDR -Liga, since the league was made up with the start of the 1971/72 season from two to five seasons. The seasons played in the future on a regional basis divided by twelve teams. In the first season all the champion and runner- up in the county leagues, and the scales of C and D only played with eleven teams, due to the disqualification of the preseason and the disqualification of Chemistry Wolfen, where also too high subsidies had been paid. From DDR League rose as before two teams in the league, which was determined in a promotion round with round-trip games under the First Season. The three last season had to dismount in the District League and were replaced in the future by the district champion.
After the end of the 1975/76 season the participation of the 2 teams in the East German league was again abolished in order to increase the attractiveness of the league substructure again. In two cases, this did not rise legitimate teams had become season champion, but all reserve teams made for low viewing figures.
With the 1984/85 season, the DDR -Liga returned after 13 years back to two seasons back. This time with 18 teams each season, for which each of the first six of the previous five seasons had qualified ( except Season A: for the resolved Season Winner ASG Vorwärts Neubrandenburg moved the 7th, the ISG Schwerin, after ) There were six identified by qualifiers District League champions time. Also in the future rose only six district champion on the DDR -Liga.
Example Potsdam -Babelsberg and Neubrandenburg
The varied activities of the DFV to create play strong teams can also point to two different examples in the cities of Potsdam -Babelsberg and Neubrandenburg.
The crew of BSG Rotation Babelsberg was one of the first participants in the DDR - Oberliga 1949/50, this year under the name of BSG voice of the people. The Babelsberg played until 1958 in the top East German football class, but then rose as Table in the DDR -Liga from. 1961 was established for the promotion of competitive sports in the previously underdeveloped district of Potsdam SC Potsdam. In order to create a strong play football section would give its best players to the SC Potsdam League representatives rotation Babelsberg. This took the place of the Babelsberg League, whose team was demoted to the Second East German league. Without his regulars sank rotation later in the district league. In 1965, the football sections to create independent football clubs from the sports clubs have been extracted. Since the Potsdamer had always embodied only average in the East German league, they were found not a football club, but the footballers in the county league team BSG had engine Babelsberg connect, which was allowed to take the league 's Square SC Potsdam in the 1965/66 season.
Also in Neubrandenburg a sports club SC Neubrandenburg was established in 1961. In contrast to Potsdam but the entire football section of the BSG Turbine Neubrandenburg was incorporated here, which also had to continue to play in the II DDR -Liga. The performance was initially but positive than in Potsdam. 1962 reached the summit in the I. DDR League two years later promotion to the Oberliga. But the major league could be kept for only one year, which also gave rise to the DFV, nor allow any football club in Neubrandenburg. Here there was a new foundation of the football association Neubrandenburg. However, since this did not fit into the communications structure club or BSG, the FSV had to merge with the BSG Post, was then played under his own name in the DDR -Liga after a few months.
1989-1991: The turning year
After German reunification, and the conversion to the free economy some league teams the economic base has been withdrawn. Why chemistry Velten, chemistry Buna Schkopau and Dynamo Eisleben withdrew their teams from the league occurring from 1990/91 under the name NOFV- League back, the BSG KWO Berlin and SG Dynamo Fiirstenwalde dissolved, chemistry Bohlen merged with Chemie Leipzig. So took the NOFV- League 1990/91 to only with 16 teams in two seasons, including as before with six climbers play activities, from which later also motor Stralsund withdrew.