Deccan Plateau
Deccan or Deccan, English and Deccan (cf. Hindi दक्खिन dakkhin [ d̪ʌk ː ʰ ɪn ], from Sanskrit दक्षिण dakṣiṇa [ d̪ʌkʂɪɳʌ ] "South" ) is the name for the southern part of the Indian subcontinent, the north of the Indus - Gangetic Plain to the west by the Arabian Sea and on the east by the Bay of Bengal - is limited and extends to the south via the Cape Comorin addition to the mountain country of Sri Lanka - two foothills of the Indian Ocean.
Geography
A distinction is made between the entire Deccan and the Deccan Plateau ( Deccan Plateau ). The plateau extends to the north into the countryside around the River Tapti and meets there with the mountain ranges of Satpura in west and east of the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats mountain ranges form the boundaries that nearly collide in the south. It is a table-land, curled in the east, which flattens to the west and forms extensive plains. The Deccan Traps in the Northeast is about 500,000 km ² one of the largest basalt surfaces of the earth. In the West, be the heights of the Deccan plateau from 1000 to 1300 m, in the center 500 m to 600 m. The Western Ghats springing the rivers flow through the plateau to the east and empty into the Bay of Bengal.
Apart from some isolated areas with alluvial and diluvial soils prevail fertile black earth and laterite soils. The Deccan Plateau is relatively dry because of the southwest monsoon is held by the Western Ghats. Agriculture is therefore dependent on irrigation.
Population
The predominant language groups are Marathi, Telugu and Kannada, small groups of indigenous people of southern India form the Bhil and Col. 's Muslim population, which is resident mainly in the cities, mostly speaks Urdu.
History
Whether the Neolithization of the Deccan from the East Indies was or was held on site, is controversial. The wild ancestors of millet ( Brachiaria ramosa ) and whirlwind foxtail ( Setaria verticillata (L. ) P. Beauv. ) Grew in the savannas of the southern Deccan, as well as wild cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). The Neolithic of the southern Deccan is divided into the following phases:
Only in the early 2nd millennium BC ( Chalcolithic ) wheat, barley, and legumes are grown. Plants from China or Central Asia emerge around the turn of the second millennium. It is millet ( Setaria italica L., Panicum miliaceum L.) and hemp (Cannabis sativa L.).
From the 3rd century to the 14th century were the kings of Orissa ruler of the country. Then the country was conquered by the Muslims to Allah -ud-Din. 1676 Shivaji founded an independent state of the Marathas. 1818 the Deccan came under British rule. In the years 1876-1877 there was a momentous famine, during which an estimated 1.3 million people perished.